ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1554794
Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Overactive Bladder (OAB): A CrossSectional Study of NHANES 2013 to 2023
Provisionally accepted
- 1Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- 2Shandong University, Jinan, China
- 3Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- 4Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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Background: Dietary patterns, as a comprehensive dietary indicator, may influence the risk of developing overactive bladder (OAB). However, it remains unclear whether dietary patterns independently affect the development of OAB. Objective: This study aimed to identify specific dietary patterns using principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluate their associations with the risk of OAB, thereby providing new insights for OAB prevention and management. Methods: Dietary patterns were identified by applying PCA, and their associations with OAB risk were analyzed. After adjusting for three known confounders (age, sex, and BMI), four key dietary patterns were determined: (1) PC5: Antioxidant-balanced pattern, OR = 0.96, 95% CI (0.94-0.97), P < 0.05; (2) PC16: Diversified low-alcohol pattern, OR = 0.92, 95% CI (0.89-0.94), P < 0.05; (3) PC18: Whole-grain high-alcohol pattern, OR = 1.04, 95% CI (1.01-1.07), P < 0.05; (4) PC22: High-fiber low-sugar pattern, OR = 0.93, 95% CI (0.90-0.96), P < 0.05. Results: The findings indicated that the antioxidant-balanced (PC5), diversified low-alcohol (PC16), and high-fiber low-sugar (PC22) dietary patterns were associated with a decreased risk of OAB, while the whole-grain high-alcohol pattern (PC18) exhibited a dual effect. Specifically, when considered independently, the high-fiber low-sugar pattern showed a protective effect; however, when combined with the whole-grain high-alcohol pattern, it increased the risk of OAB. Conclusion: Dietary patterns are independent factors influencing the development of OAB. In particular, the antioxidant-balanced, diversified low-alcohol, and high-fiber low-sugar patterns help reduce OAB risk, whereas the whole-grain high-alcohol pattern exerts a dual effect.
Keywords: Overactive bladder (OAB), Dietary patterns, principal component analysis (PCA), Dietary risk factors, bladder health
Received: 03 Jan 2025; Accepted: 24 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Ding, Mou, Niu, Xin, Zhou and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jian Wang, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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