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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1538813
This article is part of the Research TopicGenome-based Nutrition Strategies for Preventing Diet-related Chronic Diseases: Where Genes, Diet, and Food Culture Meet, Volume IIView all 3 articles
Genome-Wide Approach to Study Gene-Nutrient Intake Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Large Korean Cohort
Provisionally accepted- 1Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
- 2Theragen Health Co. Ltd., Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
- 3Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 4Yongin Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 5Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Introduction: A comprehensive understanding of gene-diet interactions is necessary to establish proper dietary guidelines for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined the roles of genetic variants and their interactions with T2DM-associated nutrients in a large-scale genome-wide association study of Korean adults. Methods: A total of 50,808 participants from a Korean genome and epidemiology study were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary nutrient intake was classified based on the Korean Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were calculated after adjusting for age, sex, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, total energy consumption, principal component 1, and principal component 2. Results: Among the individuals consuming vitamin A (retinol equivalent) above the DRI, the carriers of the melanotransferrin (MELTF) rs73893755 minor allele (T) had a higher risk of T2DM than the non-carriers (OR = 1.85, P value = 1.66 × 10 -8 ; interaction P value = 7.61 × 10 -8 ). Similarly, among the individuals consuming cholesterol (mg/day) above the DRI, the carriers of the tripartite motif-containing protein 25 (TRIM25) rs139560285 minor allele (A) had a higher risk of T2DM than the non-carriers (OR = 2.02, P value = 4.06 × 10 -8 ; interaction P value = 4.28 × 10 -8 ). Discussion: Our results suggest that interactions between specific polymorphisms and certain nutrients may influence T2DM development.
Keywords: nutrient, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gene-diet interaction, Genome-Wide Association Study
Received: 03 Dec 2024; Accepted: 10 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 PARK, Choi, Song, Kwon, LEE and Hong. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: JI WON LEE, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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