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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1520639
This article is part of the Research Topic Assessment of Nutritional Status in Chronic Diseases View all 18 articles

Association of serum calcium level with periodontitis: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2009-2014

Provisionally accepted
Hongliang Cao Hongliang Cao 1Min Wang Min Wang 2*Mengna Duan Mengna Duan 2*Song Wang Song Wang 1Haiyang Zhang Haiyang Zhang 2*
  • 1 Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
  • 2 Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    This study aimed to investigate the association between serum calcium levels and periodontitis in a U.S. adult population, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014.Method Data were analyzed from 8,601 participants aged over 30 years, who were categorized based on the presence or absence of periodontitis. Serum calcium levels were measured using standardized NHANES protocols, and periodontitis status was determined through clinical oral examinations. To assess the relationship between calcium levels and periodontitis, multivariate logistic regression models were applied across three levels of adjustment. Additionally, trend tests and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore associations across different demographic and clinical subgroups. A smoothing curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were also performed to examine potential nonlinear relationships.After adjusting multiple covariates, participants in the highest quartile of serum calcium showed an 18% reduced risk of periodontitis compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71-0.95, P=0.0083; P for trend = 0.0057). The association remained stable across various subgroups. Smoothing curve fitting indicated a nonlinear negative correlation between calcium levels and periodontitis, though without a significant inflection point at 2.48 mmol/L (P=0.094).Elevated serum calcium levels appear to be associated with a lower risk of periodontitis in adults. These findings suggest that adequate calcium intake may play a role in periodontitis prevention, providing valuable insight for clinical guidance on nutritional and preventive strategies in periodontal health.

    Keywords: Serum calcium, Periodontitis, NHANES, Cross-sectional study, Epidemiology, nutrition

    Received: 31 Oct 2024; Accepted: 23 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Cao, Wang, Duan, Wang and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Min Wang, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
    Mengna Duan, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
    Haiyang Zhang, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.