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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1510096
This article is part of the Research Topic The Role of Foods, Diet, and Dietary Patterns in the Prevention and Management of Diabesity View all 3 articles

Effect modification of the association between vitamin B2 intake and diabetes mellitus by sex: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2020

Provisionally accepted
Hui Yang Hui Yang 1Xudong Wang Xudong Wang 1Xiaolan Xi Xiaolan Xi 1Yujia Xia Yujia Xia 1Hui Zuo Hui Zuo 1*Mingxia Jiang Mingxia Jiang 2*
  • 1 Soochow University, Suzhou, China
  • 2 Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background and objectives: The relationship between vitamin intake and diabetes mellitus (DM) has attracted growing attention. Only few studies have linked vitamin B2 (VB2) and development of DM. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between VB2 intake and DM among U.S. adults. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis by using four waves of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) data in 2013-2020. A total of 18,338 participants aged ≥18 years were included. VB2 intake was estimated by 24-hour dietary recall on the first day. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the association between VB2 intake and DM in men and women, separately. Results: VB2 intake was significantly associated with DM in women but not in men (P-interaction < 0.05). In women, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the fourth compared with the first quartile of VB2 intake was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.93, P-trend = 0.025). Each standard deviation increment of log-transformed VB2 intake was associated with 19% reduced odds of DM (P = 0.005). In contrast, no significant association between VB2 intake and DM was observed in men (P-trend > 0.05). An inverse dose-response relationship between VB2 intake and DM was observed in women, but not in men. Conclusions: Increased VB2 intake was associated with lower odds of DM in women, but not men. Our study underscores the potential role of VB2 in the prevention of DM in women. Prospective studies from different populations are warranted to confirm our findings.

    Keywords: Vitamin B2, diabetes, NHANES, Sex, Interaction

    Received: 12 Oct 2024; Accepted: 29 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yang, Wang, Xi, Xia, Zuo and Jiang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Hui Zuo, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
    Mingxia Jiang, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.