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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1478485

The Burden of Acute Malnutrition Among Children Under Five in Conflict-Afflicted Gaza Strip: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Provisionally accepted
Ahmed Albelbeisi Ahmed Albelbeisi 1Kate Zinszer Kate Zinszer 2Abdel Hamid El Bilbeisi Abdel Hamid El Bilbeisi 3Samer Abuzerr Samer Abuzerr 4*
  • 1 Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza City, Palestine
  • 2 Montreal University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  • 3 University of Palestine, Al-Zahra, Palestine
  • 4 University College of Science and Technology, Khan Younis, Palestine

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) among children in this region during a period of conflict. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1,200 children under five years old, selected through stratified random sampling from three governorates in the Gaza Strip. Data were collected using structured interviews and physical examinations, including Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) measurements to determine nutritional status based on established cut-off points. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM-SPSS, version 26. Results: Among the 1,200 children screened, 605 (50.8%) were males and 595 (49.2%) were females. The age distribution of the children screened showed that 48.4% (n=581) fall within the range of 6 months to <24 months category and 51.6% (n=619) fall within the range of 24-60 months. Overall, 58.3% of children live in schools, 26.6% live in houses, and 15.2% reside in tents. The overall prevalence of malnutrition across all regions was 16.6%, including 6.7% with SAM and 9.7% with MAM. The prevalence of SAM is highest in North Gaza and South Gaza (both at 6.8%) and slightly lower in the Middle Zone (6.5%). For MAM, the highest prevalence is in South Gaza (11.5%), with Middle Zone showing the lowest rate (7.3%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that children living in houses had a higher likelihood of SAM (OR=2.36; 95% CI=1.39-3.99) and MAM (OR=1.44; 95% CI=1.13-1.84), and children living in schools had a higher likelihood of SAM (OR=2.79; 95% CI=1.35-5.74) and MAM (OR=2.08; 95% CI=1.14-3.80) compared to those in tents. Notably, children residing in North Gaza were significantly more likely to experience SAM (OR=13.2; 95% CI=6. 23-27.95) and MAM (OR=10.51; 95% CI=5.74-19.3) compared to those in South Gaza. Conclusion: The study highlights a high prevalence of malnutrition among children under five in the Gaza Strip, particularly among those living in houses, shelters and in the North Gaza governorate. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted nutritional interventions and support for affected families in conflict zones.

    Keywords: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM), Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), Nutritional Status, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), Child Health, Sociodemographic determinants, Humanitarian crisis, health interventions

    Received: 09 Aug 2024; Accepted: 15 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Albelbeisi, Zinszer, El Bilbeisi and Abuzerr. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Samer Abuzerr, University College of Science and Technology, Khan Younis, Palestine

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