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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1472451

Burden of Diet-Related Chronic Diseases in Chinese and Japanese Adults, Attributable to Dietary Risk Factors from 1990 to 2021: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Provisionally accepted
Minyan Wang Minyan Wang Huan Ma Huan Ma Chu Qin Chu Qin Haojie Ni Haojie Ni Yun Shi Yun Shi Conghua Ji Conghua Ji *
  • Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Chronic diseases are a major cause of death, contributing significantly to the global disease burden. The growing ageing population and chronic disease burden in China and Japan have a substantial impact on health outcomes in these countries. Dietary factors, as key modifiable elements, are particularly important. Therefore, we aim to analyze and compare the impact of dietary factors on the burden of chronic diseases in China and Japan and to develop measures to reduce this burden. Methods: According to the WHO classification of chronic diseases, we selected cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes for analysis. We collected relevant data from the GBD database, described and analyzed the disease burden by age, gender, and year, and created bar and trend charts. We conducted a comparative analysis of the dietary factors influencing these three chronic diseases by generating heat maps. The Joinpoint model was used to analyze the time trends of these three diseases from 1990 to 2021. Results: From 1990 to 2021, the burden of neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases in China and Japan declined to varying degrees, while the burden of diabetes continued to increase. The main dietary risk factor for neoplasms is a high red meat diet and for cardiovascular diseases, a high sodium diet, especially in China. In addition, high meat consumption serves as a protective factor for the Chinese and Japanese populations. Regarding dietary risk factors for diabetes, China is associated with a high-red meat diet, while Japan is characterized by a high-processed meat diet. Conclusion: By comparing the burden of chronic diseases related to dietary factors in China and Japan, this study proposes strategies for national healthy diets, such as reducing sodium, processed meat, and red meat intake, and increasing whole grains, vegetables, and fruit intake. Additionally, attention should be given to the dietary status of the elderly, along with targeted health education initiatives.

    Keywords: chronic diseases, Neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Dietary risk factors, disease burden

    Received: 29 Jul 2024; Accepted: 13 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Wang, Ma, Qin, Ni, Shi and Ji. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Conghua Ji, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.