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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1468284
This article is part of the Research Topic Vitamin D: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Impact Volume II View all 17 articles

Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels and the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP): A Study Based on NHANES Database 2011-2018

Provisionally accepted
TingTing Hu TingTing Hu 1Ying Zhang Ying Zhang 2*Zhu Chen Zhu Chen 3*Jun Su Jun Su 4*
  • 1 Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
  • 2 Hangzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
  • 3 Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
  • 4 Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in individuals aged 20 years and above, as well as analyze potential influencing factors. Methods A total of 9637 participants aged 20 years and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2018 were included in this study. The AIP was calculated using the formula log[triglycerides(TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)]. Due to the skewed distribution of serum vitamin D levels in the study population, a normal transformation was performed. Weighted multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the linear relationship between the transformed serum vitamin D levels and AIP. Subgroup analysis was conducted by stratifying the data based on age, gender, and race to evaluate the stability of the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and AIP in different populations. In addition, a smooth curve fitting and generalized linear models were employed to examine the nonlinear relationship between serum vitamin D levels and AIP. Results After controlling for confounding factors, the multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between serum vitamin D levels and AIP [β= -0.0065, 95% CI: (- 0.0106, - 0.0024)]. This negative correlation was significant in male participants [β=-0.0077, 95% CI: (-0.0142, -0.0011)], Non-Hispanic Black participants [β=-0.0135, 95% CI: (-0.0211, -0.0059)], as well as participants aged 40-50 [β=-0.0124, 95% CI: (-0.0226, -0.0022)] and 60-70 [β=-0.0118, 95% CI: (-0.0214, -0.0023)]. Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship and saturation effect were observed between the transformed serum vitamin D levels and AIP, with a turning point at 8.5617 nmol/L. Conclusion Our study revealed a significant negative correlation and saturation effect between serum vitamin D levels and AIP.

    Keywords: Vitamin D, arteriosclerosis index of Plasma, NHANES, cardiovascular disease, Saturation effect

    Received: 21 Jul 2024; Accepted: 11 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Hu, Zhang, Chen and Su. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Ying Zhang, Hangzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
    Zhu Chen, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
    Jun Su, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China

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