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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1462710

Association between fish consumption and mortality in the E3N French women's cohort

Provisionally accepted
Cira Ba Cira Ba 1Chloé Marques Chloé Marques 1*Pauline Frenoy Pauline Frenoy 1Xuan Ren Xuan Ren 1Gianluca Severi Gianluca Severi 1,2Francesca Romana Mancini Francesca Romana Mancini 1
  • 1 Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France, Villejuif, France
  • 2 Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications “G. Parenti”, University of Florence, Italy, Florence, Italy

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Western studies have shown a non-linear association between fish consumption and mortality, which might be explained by exposure to chemical contaminants. This study aims to explore the associations between fish consumption or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and mortality within the prospective E3N French cohort, and to investigate the role of dietary exposure to contaminants in these associations. In the E3N cohort composed of 72 585 women, we assessed fish consumption and n-3 PUFA intake through a food questionnaire sent in 1993. To estimate the dietary exposure to contaminants, we used the food contamination database of the second French total diet study. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between fish, lean fish, fatty fish, and n-3 PUFA intake, with the risk of all-cause or cause-specific mortality. During the follow-up (1993-2014), 6441 deaths were recorded. A U-shaped association was observed between fish consumption and all-cause mortality (Poverall_association=0.017). A similar association was observed with lean fish consumption, while the non-linear association between fatty fish consumption or n-3 PUFA intake and all-cause mortality did not reach statistical significance. A non-linear association was observed between fish consumption and lung cancer mortality (Poverall_association=0.005). A positive and linear association was observed between fatty fish consumption or n-3 PUFA intake and breast cancer mortality (HR [CI95%]: 1.07 [1.01-1.15] and 1.08 [1.01-1.15]). Our results remained unchanged when further adjusting on dietary exposure to contaminants. Our results showed a U-shaped association between fish consumption and all-cause mortality and suggest a notable role of lean fish consumption in this association, but no role of dietary exposure to contaminants. Further studies are needed to better clarify this U-shaped association and the different impacts of fatty and lean fish consumption on health.

    Keywords: fish, omega 3, Mortality, persistent organic pollutant, Women, cohort

    Received: 10 Jul 2024; Accepted: 10 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Ba, Marques, Frenoy, Ren, Severi and Mancini. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Chloé Marques, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France, Villejuif, France

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