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REVIEW article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1462535

The Prevention and Improvement Effects of Vitamin D on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence from an Umbrella Review on Meta-analyses of Cohort Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials

Provisionally accepted
Le Cheng Le Cheng 1Chenhui Lv Chenhui Lv 1Lushan Xue Lushan Xue 1Cheng Zhang Cheng Zhang 1Lili Wang Lili Wang 2Xi Wang Xi Wang 1Shuangzhi Chen Shuangzhi Chen 1Xuemin Li Xuemin Li 3Wenjuan Feng Wenjuan Feng 1Haoran Xie Haoran Xie 1Haifeng Zhao Haifeng Zhao 1,4*
  • 1 Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
  • 2 Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, China
  • 3 Shanxi Disease Prevention and Control Center, Taiyuan, Shaanxi, China
  • 4 Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi medical university), Taiyuan, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: To clarify whether Vitamin D prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improve glucose control in T2DM patients, we conducted this umbrella review, taking into account the inconsistent results of existing Meta-analyses. We aim to reveal the causal relationship between Vitamin D and T2DM through summarizing Meta-analyses of observational studies, and clarify the improvement on glucose control in T2DM patients through summarizing Meta-analyses of RCT studies between Vitamin D supplementation and T2DM patients, especially in T2DM patients with Vitamin D deficiency.We collected the Meta-analyses of observational studies and RCTs in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane.Results: 16 Meta-analyses (6 effect sizes for cohort studies and 10 effect sizes for RCTs) were included in the umbrella Meta-analyses. Random-effects model was carried out to calculate the pooled point estimates and their respective 95 % confidence intervals (CI). The results revealed that lower 25(OH)D levels increased the risk of T2DM (Pooled ESRR=1.34; 95%CI: 1.16, 1.53), Vitamin D supplementation ameliorated FBG (ES=-0.56; 95%CI: -1.00, -0.11), HbA1c (ES=-0.11; 95%CI: -0.20, -0.02), insulin (ES=-0.38; 95%CI: -0.59, -0.18) and HOMA-IR (ES=-0.37; 95%CI: -0.57, -0.16) in T2DM patients, especially in those with Vitamin D deficiency (FBG=-0.98; HbA1c=-0.27; HOMA-IR=-0.52).The present umbrella Meta-analyses demonstrates the potential benefits of higher serum Vitamin D levels and Vitamin D supplementation in reducing the development and symptoms of T2DM.

    Keywords: Vitamin D, type 2 diabetes mellitus, meta-analyses, Cohort Studies, randomized controlled trials, Umbrella review

    Received: 10 Jul 2024; Accepted: 10 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Cheng, Lv, Xue, Zhang, Wang, Wang, Chen, Li, Feng, Xie and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Haifeng Zhao, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.