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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1449643

Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and gynecologic cancers: a population-based study

Provisionally accepted
Liyuan Fang Liyuan Fang 1*Xiaotong Li Xiaotong Li 2Yuhang Fang Yuhang Fang 1,3Yan Wang Yan Wang 1Runxi Wang Runxi Wang 1Yi Xie Yi Xie 3Ying Zhang Ying Zhang 1*
  • 1 Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
  • 2 Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
  • 3 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    This study aims to analyze the association between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and the risk of gynecologic cancers, using data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2016. Methods: We employed multiple logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between WWI and risk of gynecologic cancers. Subsequent subgroup analyses were performed on specific populations of interest. A restricted cubic spline model was used to explore potential non-linear relationships. Additionally, the effectiveness of WWI in predicting sarcopenia was assessed through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. K-fold cross-validation was applied for model assessment. Results: Among the 4144 participants, 98 self-reported having gynecologic cancers.In the fully adjusted model, WWI was significantly associated with the prevalence of gynecologic cancers (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.02-1.88, P = 0.0344). Our findings indicate a linear positive association between WWI and the risk of gynecologic cancers. Subgroup analysis revealed that WWI had the strongest association with cervical cancer (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.97-2.18, P = 0.0354) and endometrial cancer (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 0.81-2.39, P = 0.0142). No significant association was found between WWI and the risk of ovarian cancer (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.48-2.72, P = 0.5359). Restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed a linear relationship between WWI and the risk of cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that WWI had superior predictive capability for gynecologic cancers. Conclusions: Elevated levels of WWI were significantly associated with an increased risk of gynecologic cancers in American women, displaying a stronger association than other obesity markers. Therefore, WWI may serve as a distinct and valuable biomarker for assessing the risk of gynecologic cancers, particularly cervical and endometrial cancers.

    Keywords: weight-adjusted-waist index, Obesity, non-linear, NHANES, Gynecologic cancers

    Received: 18 Jun 2024; Accepted: 03 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Fang, Li, Fang, Wang, Wang, Xie and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Liyuan Fang, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
    Ying Zhang, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.