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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Food Chemistry
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1428911

Association between polyphenol subclasses and prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Provisionally accepted
Yiping Huang Yiping Huang 1Wenyan Wang Wenyan Wang 2Jianxiang Jin Jianxiang Jin 1*
  • 1 Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Shaanxi, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: The effect of polyphenol subclasses on prostate cancer (PCA) is controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between polyphenol subclasses and PCA incidence. Methods: From the establishment of the database to December 2023, a systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant observational studies. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used to assess the association. Results: A total of 38 studies (11 were cohort studies and 27 were case-control studies), composing 824,933 participants, were included in this meta-analysis after excluding irrelevant records. The findings of the study revealed that men who consumed dietary polyphenols had a significantly higher risk of PCA compared to those who never or rarely consumed dietary polyphenols (OR=1.01, p=0.023), especially dietary flavonol (OR=1.05, p=0.042), flavanol (OR=1.03, p=0.026) and anthocyanin (OR=1.06, p=0.001). Neither total nor subclasses of dietary polyphenols have an effect on non-localized or high-grade PCA (OR=1.01, p=0.518). Dietary isoflavones tended to reduce the incidence of local or low-grade PCA, although there was no statistically significant difference (OR=1.00, p=0.081). Regarding serum/plasma polyphenol, total polyphenol (OR=0.95, p=0.002), genistein (OR=0.92, p=0.029) and enterolactone (OR=0.92, p=0.022) can reduce the incidence of PCA. No association was observed between total/subclasses of urinary polyphenols and PCA risk. Conclusion: Polyphenols seem to generally increase the risk of PCA in the male population. The effect of polyphenols on PCA is affected by factors such as polyphenol subclasses, their forms (serum/plasma, urinary, dietary), and PCA-related factors (like PCA stage).

    Keywords: prostate cancer, polyphenol subclasses, Phytoestrogen, Risk Assessment, metaanalysis

    Received: 07 May 2024; Accepted: 22 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Huang, Wang and Jin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Jianxiang Jin, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.