Skip to main content

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1423651
This article is part of the Research Topic Vitamin D: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Impact Volume II View all 10 articles

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Their Impact on all-cause Mortality in Parkinson's Disease: Insights from NHANES 1999-2020 Data

Provisionally accepted
Yufei Yong Yufei Yong *Hui Dong Hui Dong Yan Zhu Yan Zhu Meiling Gu Meiling Gu Wenxiao Li Wenxiao Li
  • Department of Health Management Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China., Qingdao, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background and Purpose: This study explores the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and mortality among Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients, providing evidence for the potential benefits of vitamin D (VD) supplementation. Methods: PD patients were collected from the NHANES database from 1999 to 2020. These patients were categorized based on their serum 25(OH)D levels: deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency. We compared demographic information and analyzed mortality data from the National Death Index. A restricted cubic spline model assessed the nonlinear association between 25(OH)D levels and mortality, complemented by multivariable Cox regression analysis. Consistency of results was checked through subgroup analysis. Results: The study included 364 PD patients: 87 (23.9%) with VD deficiency, 121 (33.2%) with insufficiency, and 156 (42.9%) with sufficiency. Demographically, 46.4% were male, and 56% were over 65 years. The deficiency group predominantly consisted of Mexican Americans (53.1%), had lower income levels, a higher unmarried rate, and increased liver disease incidence. The analysis showed a U-shaped curve between 25(OH)D levels and mortality risk, with the lowest risk at 78.68 nmol/L (p-non-linear = 0.007, p-overall = 0.008). Kaplan-Meier analysis found the highest survival rates in patients with 25(OH)D levels between 75-100 nmol/L (p = 0.039). Compared to this group, patients with levels below 50 nmol/L had a 3.52-fold increased mortality risk (95%CI = 1.58-7.86, p = 0.002), and those above 100 nmol/L had a 2.92-fold increase (95%CI = 1.06-8.05, p = 0.038). Age-specific subgroup analysis (p = 0.009) revealed that both very low (<50 nmol/L) and high (>100 nmol/L) levels increased mortality risk in patients under 65, while levels below 75 nmol/L raised mortality risk in older patients. Conclusion: Serum 25(OH)D levels are nonlinearly linked to mortality in PD patients, with optimal survival rates occurring at 75-100 nmol/L. Deviations from this range increase the risk of death.

    Keywords: Parkinson's disease, Vitamin D, all-cause mortality4, NHANES, Nutrition 2

    Received: 30 Apr 2024; Accepted: 25 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yong, Dong, Zhu, Gu and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Yufei Yong, Department of Health Management Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China., Qingdao, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.