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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutrition, Psychology and Brain Health
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1415793
This article is part of the Research Topic The Intersection of Genes, Nutrition and Disease: A Nutritional Perspective from Mendelian Randomization to Disease Pathogenic Mechanisms View all 4 articles

Exploring Causal Associations of Antioxidants from Supplements and Diet with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in European Populations: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Provisionally accepted
Jing Chen Jing Chen Lifei Chen Lifei Chen Xinguang Zhang Xinguang Zhang Wenbo Yao Wenbo Yao *Xue Zheng Xue Zheng *
  • Shanghai municipal hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Antioxidants from both supplements and diet have been suggested to potentially reduce oxidative stress in individuals with ADHD. However, there is a lack of studies utilizing the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to explore the relationship between dietary and supplemental antioxidants with ADHD.Methods: This study employed two-sample mendelian randomization.Various specific antioxidant dietary supplements (such as coffee, green tea, herbal tea, standard tea, and red wine intake per week), along with diet-derived circulating antioxidants including Vitamin C (ascorbate), Vitamin E (α-tocopherol), Vitamin E (γ-tocopherol), carotene, Vitamin A (retinol), zinc, and selenium (N = 2,603-428,860), were linked to independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Data on ADHD was gathered from six sources, comprising 246,888 participants. The primary analytical method utilized was inverse variance weighting (IVW), with sensitivity analysis conducted to assess the robustness of the main findings.In different diagnostic periods for ADHD, we found that only green tea intake among the antioxidants was significantly associated with a reduced risk of ADHD in males (OR: 0.977, CI: 0.963-0.990, P < 0.001, FDR = 0.065), with no evidence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity observed in the results. Additionally, a nominal causal association was found between green tea intake and childhood ADHD (OR: 0.989, 95% CI: 0.979-0.998, P = 0.023, FDR = 0.843). No causal relationships were detected between the intake of other antioxidant-rich diets and ADHD.Our study found a significant inverse association between green tea intake and male ADHD, suggesting that higher green tea consumption may reduce ADHD risk in males. Further research is needed to explore optimal doses and underlying mechanisms.

    Keywords: antioxidant, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Mendelian randomization, green tea, dietary

    Received: 11 Apr 2024; Accepted: 10 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Chen, Chen, Zhang, Yao and Zheng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Wenbo Yao, Shanghai municipal hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
    Xue Zheng, Shanghai municipal hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.