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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 11 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1370737
Effectiveness of a Protein-Supplemented Very-Low-Calorie Diet Program for Weight Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial in South Korea
Provisionally accepted- 1 Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
- 2 Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 3 Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 4 Bionutrion, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 5 Uahn Clinic, seoul, Republic of Korea
- 6 Lohas Medi, Asan-si, Republic of Korea
Weight-loss strategies through meal replacements are effective and sustainable options. However, few studies have assessed their effects on weight loss including body composition through proteinsupplemented meal replacements targeting the Asian population, including Koreans. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of a protein-supplemented very-low-calorie diet (PSVLCD) for weight reduction and changes in body composition in individuals with obesity over a 12-month long-term period. In total, 106 participants with obesity were randomly assigned to a PSVLCD or control group (food-based calorie-restricted diet). Body weight, waist circumference, body composition, and blood marker levels were measured throughout the study. Statistical analyses were performed to compare outcomes between the groups. Among the 106 participants, 84 completed the 12-month follow-up. Intention-to-treat analysis showed that the mean weight loss from baseline to 12 months was -6.86 kg (8.21% of baseline weight) in the PSVLCD group and -4.66 kg (5.47% of initial body weight) in the control group; the difference was -2.20 kg with a marginally significant interval (95% confidence interval [CI], -4.90; 0.50). Waist circumference (-8.35 cm vs. -4.85 cm; mean difference, -3.49 cm; 95% CI, -6.48 to -0.50) and visceral fat area (-28.28 cm 2 vs -13.26 cm 2 ; mean difference, -15.03cm 2 ; 95% CI, -29.01 to -1.04) also significantly decreased in the PSVLCD group at 12 months. In summary, in the PSVLCD group, a considerable initial reduction in waist circumference was sustained throughout the study period, with a marginally significant decrease in weight.
Keywords: High-protein diet, very-low-calorie diets, meal replacement, Obesity, waist circumference Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04597788
Received: 15 Jan 2024; Accepted: 02 Sep 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Cho, Kim, Kim, Cho, Park, Kwon, Kim, Go, Kang, Shin, Lee, Gil, Kim, Ahn, Kim, Jung and Go. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Sohye Kim, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
Hwa J. Kim, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Belong Cho, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
Jin H. Park, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
Yumi Go, Bionutrion, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Dong G. Kang, Bionutrion, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Sumi Lee, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
Siye Gil, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
Hyerim Kim, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
Jihyun Ahn, Uahn Clinic, seoul, Republic of Korea
Joo Y. Kim, Lohas Medi, Asan-si, Republic of Korea
Wonjoo Jung, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
Eunyoung Go, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
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