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REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Microbial Immunology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1448729

The microbial damage and host response framework: Lesson learned from pathogenic survival trajectories and immunoinflammatory responses of Talaromyces marneffei infection

Provisionally accepted
Kritsada Pruksaphon Kritsada Pruksaphon 1,2Artid Amsri Artid Amsri 3,4Juthatip Jeenkeawpieam Juthatip Jeenkeawpieam 5,6Patcharin Thammasit Patcharin Thammasit 3Joshua D. Nosanchuk Joshua D. Nosanchuk 7Sirida Youngchim Sirida Youngchim 3,8*
  • 1 School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
  • 2 Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
  • 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • 4 Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • 5 Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
  • 6 Health Science Research Institute, Walailak University, Tha Sala District, Thailand
  • 7 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
  • 8 Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The adverse outcomes of fungal infection in mammalian hosts depend on the complex interactions between the host immune system and pathogen virulence-associated traits. The main clinical problems arise when the host response is either too weak to effectively eliminate the pathogen or overly aggressive, resulting in host tissue damage rather than protection. This article will highlight current knowledge regarding the virulence attributions and mechanisms involved in the dual-sided role of the host immune system in the immunopathogenesis of the thermally dimorphic fungus Talaromyces marneffei through the lens of the damage response framework (DRF) of microbial pathogenesis model.

    Keywords: Talaromyces marneffei, Immunopathogenesis, Damage-Response Framework (DRF), latency, immune paradox, Iris, HLH

    Received: 13 Jun 2024; Accepted: 23 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Pruksaphon, Amsri, Jeenkeawpieam, Thammasit, Nosanchuk and Youngchim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Sirida Youngchim, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.