Carly Olson ^1* Daniel Gschwentner ¹ Annemieke M. Drost ^2,3 Joseph Mohan ⁴ Helena C. Klip ⁵

• ¹ School of Natural Resources, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Illinois, United States
• ² Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
• ³ Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
• ⁴ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
• ⁵ Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Lake County, Montana, United States

Accurate models of lake primary production are crucial for understanding ecosystem function and predicting ecosystem responses to global change. However, current research in lake ecosystem modeling has emphasized environmental characteristics while less work has considered phytoplankton stoichiometric traits. Importantly, these traits link resource availability to primary production via organismal metabolism and thus are critical to predicting ecosystem function. Here, we use an existing database of phytoplankton traits and lake ecosystem models to demonstrate that phytoplankton minimum quotas for nitrogen and phosphorus significantly influence predictions of lake gross primary production. Additionally, we compare how different parameterizations of phytoplankton stoichiometry affect modeled gross primary production.Finally, we evaluate the ability of the models to capture observed patterns in gross primary production and seston stoichiometry for lakes in the Northern Hemisphere. We argue that parameterization and calibration of phytoplankton stoichiometric traits will improve lake ecosystem models and are critical for obtaining better estimates of lake primary production.