In the published article, there was an error in affiliation 3 as published. The affiliation was listed as “Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center Japan, Tokyo, Japan” but should be “Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.” Affiliation 3 has now been updated.
In the published article, there was an error. In the results section, “one meditation awareness training (acceptance commitment therapy: ACT)” was written in error. The correct term is “one meditation awareness training (MAT) intervention.”
A correction has been made to Results, Mindfulness. The corrected section is shown below.
Six mindfulness intervention studies were included. Among these, three were mindfulness-related group sessions (Aikens et al., 2014; Van Berkel et al., 2014; Crain et al., 2017), one was self-training (Hülsheger et al., 2013), and the other was a web-based program (Allexandre et al., 2016). In addition, one meditation awareness training (MAT) intervention was also reported (Shonin et al., 2014). These mindfulness programs were effective for improving evaluative well-being (e.g., job satisfaction and life satisfaction) (Hülsheger et al., 2013; Shonin et al., 2014; Crain et al., 2017), hedonic well-being (e.g., vigor/vitality) (Aikens et al., 2014; Allexandre et al., 2016), and the mental component of QOL (Allexandre et al., 2016).
There was also an error in Table 1 as published. The “period” and “number and hours of session” of the intervention in column “Core intervention component” for Bolier et al. (2014) were displayed as “6 weeks−12months” and “4–8 weekly sessions”, respectively. The correct terms are “4 weeks−5months” and “a few sessions or modules,” respectively. The corrected Table 1 and its caption appear below.
Table 1
| Author/Year | Country | Population | Gender Number (%) of men | Age Mean (SD) | Core intervention component | SWB outcomes (scale if applicable) | Result on SWB outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical activity | |||||||
| Puig-Ribera et al., 2008 | Spain | Employees of university | All: 21 (30.0%) | Not listed | Walking program Period: 9 weeks Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: pedometer and a map with some examples of walks Provider: not listed | Mental health (SF-12): Mental component of QOL Vitality (SF-12): Hedonic | Mental health: 0 Vitality: 0 |
| Mansi et al., 2015 | New Zealand | Employees of large meat processing plant | Int: 40 (12.2%) Cont: 14 (48.4%) | Int: 43 (14.9) Cont: 40 (12.2) | Walking program Period: 12 weeks Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: physical activity booklet Provider: psychotherapist | Mental health (SF-36): Mental component of QOL | Mental health: 0 |
| Sjogren et al., 2006 | Finland | Employees of the city of Kuopio central administration | All: 24 (26.7%) | All: 45.7 (8.6) | Light resistance training, guidance on postural and movement control Period: 15 weeks Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: resistance equipment Provider: psychotherapist | Life satisfaction (the scale from Ojanen, 1994 and 2000): Evaluative Meaning of life (the scale from Ojanen, 1994 and 2000): Eudemonic | Life satisfaction: 0 Meaning of life: 0 |
| Brand et al., 2006 | Germany | Employees (office and blue color workers) | Int: 36 (69.2%) Cont: 47 (90.4%) | Percent per age groups; age 20–35, 10.9%; age 36–45, 50.0 %; age 46–55, 28.2 %; age 56–65, 10.9% | Muscular relaxation, strengthening, coordination and flexibility exercises Period: 13 weeks Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: not listed Provider: fitness coach | Psychological domain of quality of life (the World Health Organization Quality of Life inventory): Mental component of QOL Job satisfaction (the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire): Evaluative | Psychological domain of quality of life: + job satisfaction: 0 |
| Hartfiel et al., 2011 | England | University employees | Int: 3 (15.0%) Cont: 1 (5.0%) | Int: 40.6 (11.4) Cont: 38 (9.58) | Dru yoga intervention Period: 6 weeks Number and hours of session: 60 min class per week Instrument: CD and home practice form Provider: certified instructor | Life purpose and satisfaction (the Inventory of Positive Psychological Attitudes): Eudemonic | Life purpose and satisfaction: + |
| Atlantis et al., 2004 | Australia | Star City casino employees | Int: 9 (45.0%) Cont: 11 (45.8%) | Int: 30 (6.8) Cont: 33 (8.3) | Aerobic and weight-training exercise Period: 24 weeks Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: personalized e-mail Provider: not listed | Vitality (SF-36): Hedonic Mental health (SF-36): Mental component of QOL | Vitality: + Mental health: + |
| Strijk et al., 2013 | Netherlands | Employees from academic hospital | Int: 93 (25.3%) Cont: 86 (23.7%) | Int: 52.5 (4.8) Cont: 52.3 (4.9) | A vitality exercise program (VEP); providing free fruit, personal coaching, yoga group, and aerobic session Period: 6 months Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: not listed Provider: qualified instructor | Vitality (RAND-36 vitality scale): Hedonic Vitality (UWES): Hedonic | Vitality (RAND-36 vitality scale): 0 Vitality (UWES): 0 |
| Ergonomics | |||||||
| Figl-Hertlein et al., 2014 | Australia | Teachers of secondary school | Not listed | Not listed | Ergonomics individual training (exercise and functional training), and stress management training Period: 5 months Number and hours of session: 2 sessions (3–4 h) Instrument: not listed Provider: licensed psychotherapist | Mental health (SF-36): Mental component of QOL Emotional well-being (AVEM): Hedonic | Mental health: 0 Emotional well-being: 0 |
| Haukka et al., 2010 | Finland | Kitchens of schools, kindergartens and nursing homes | Int: 167 (63.5%)Cont: 143 (59.3%) | Int: Range = 19–63 Median = 46 Cont: Range = 19–62 Median = 47 | Ergonomics participatory training Period: approximately 11–14 months Number and hours of session: 8 sessions (total 28 h, each 3–5 h) Instrument: not listed Provider: researcher | Job satisfaction (“How satisfied are you with your present work?”): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: – |
| King et al., 1997 | Not listed | Employees of manufacturing industry | Not listed | Not listed | Ergonomics participatory training with job redesign Period: 2–5 weeks Number and hours of session: 2 sessions (1 h) Instrument: not listed Provider: researcher, occupational therapist and safety professional | Job satisfaction (The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: + |
| Psychology (mindfulness) | |||||||
| Hülsheger et al., 2013 | Germany | Employees in hospitals, schools, kindergartens, and medical practices | All: 18 (28.1%) | All: 38.6 (11.1) | Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), self-training Period: 2 weeks (10 working days) Number and hours of session: no session Instrument: diary booklet, a CD, postcard, and daily e-mail Provider: not listed | Job satisfaction [five items from Judge, Locke, Durham, and Kluger (1998)]: Evaluative | Job satisfaction: + |
| Crain et al., 2017 | Canada and United States | Teacher | 11% Number of men is not listed | 46.9 (9.2) | Mindfulness training program based on MBSR, group session and homework Period: 8 weeks Number and hours of session: 11 group sessions (2–7 h/sessions, total 36 h) Instrument: not listed Provider: instructors having formal professional training of MBSR | Satisfaction with work life (“Overall, how satisfied are you with your present teaching job?”): Evaluative Satisfaction with home life (“Overall, how satisfied are you with your life at home?”): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: + Life satisfaction: + |
| Van Berkel et al., 2014 | Netherlands | Employees from Dutch research | Int: 36.4% Cont: 28.9% Number of men is not listed | Int: 46.0 (9.4) Cont: 45.1 (9.6) | Mindfulness-based training, free , lunch walking, and buddy-system, group session and e-coaching Period: 6 months Number and hours of session: 8 weekly group sessions (90 min) Instrument: e-coaching, CD, booklet Provider: certificated trainer | Work engagement (UWES): Hedonic | Work engagement: 0 |
| Aikens et al., 2014 | Michigan | Dow employees | Not listed | Range = 18–65 | Mindfulness program, group session and individual online training Period: 7 weeks Number and hours of session: 7 times weekly (1 h) Instrument: web site and workbook Provider: certified medicine physician with MBSR training | Vigor (Shirom Vigor Scale): Hedonic | Vigor: + |
| Allexandre et al., 2016 | United States | Employees of call center | All: 16.8% Number of men is not listed | All: 40.0 (12.6) | Online mindfulness stress management program (WSM), with weekly group meeting (WSMg1), with weekly group meeting and expert clinical support (WSMg2) Period: 8 weeks Number and hours of session: 8 weekly group sessions (1 h) Instrument: online program, CD, and diary article Provider: licensed clinical counselor and social worker | Mental health (SF-36): Mental component of QOL Vitality (SF-36): Hedonic | Mental health: + (WSM and WSMg1) Vitality: + (WSM and WSMg1) |
| Shonin et al., 2014 | United Kingdom | Employees with middle management responsibility | Int: 56.9% Cont: 56.9% Number of men is not listed | Int: 40.14 (8.11) Cont: 39.91 (8.67) | Meditation Awareness Training (MAT), group and individual session Period: 8 weeks Number and hours of session: 8 weekly group sessions (90 min), and 4 weekly individual sessions (50 min) Instrument: CD Provider: researcher having psychotherapy and meditation teaching experience | Job satisfaction (Abridged Job in General Scale): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: + |
| Psychology (CB based approach: CBT) | |||||||
| Umanodan et al., 2014 | Japan | Employees in a manufacturing company | Int: 135 (95.1%) Cont: 109 (90.1%) | Int: 39.7 Cont: 38.0 SD is not listed | Computer based stress management (problem-solving, time management, assertion and delegation, cognitive reconstruction and causal attribution), individual training Period: 7.4 weeks Number and hours of session: 6 sessions Instrument: e-mail Provider: the author | Job satisfaction (BJSQ): Evaluative Work engagement (UWES-J): Hedonic | Job satisfaction: 0 Work engagement: 0 |
| Bond and Bunce, 2000 | Not listed | People in a large media organization | All: 15 (50.0 %) | 36.43 (9.72) | Acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) training, group session Period: 3 months Number and hours of session: 3 sessions (3.25 h per session) Instrument: not listed Provider: not listed | Intrinsic job satisfaction (work and life attitude survey): Evaluative | Intrinsic job satisfaction: 0 |
| Billings et al., 2008 | United States | Employees in a major technology company | All: 91 (29.4%) | Percent per age groups; age 20–29, 24.4%; age 30–39, 51.1%; age 40–49, 20.2%; age 50–59, 3.3%; age 60–69, 1.0% | Online stress and mood management training (goal setting, problem solving, and cognitive reconstruction) Period: 3 months Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: not listed Provider: not listed | Positive mood (the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule): Hedonic | Positive mood: 0 |
| Psychology (CB based approach: CBT) | |||||||
| Bolier et al., 2014 | Netherlands | Nurses and allied health professionals | Int: 43 (22.9%) Cont: 31 (17.4%) | Int: 42 (11.4) Cont: 38 (12.1) | Tailored online interventions based on CBT Period: about 4 weeks−5 months Number and hours of session: a few sessions or modules Instrument: web site and e-mail Provider: not listed | Positive mental health (The Mental Health Continuum — Short Form): Eudemonic | Positive mental health: + |
| Psychology (CB based approach: cognitive approach) | |||||||
| Unsworth and Mason, 2012 | Not listed | White-collar professional technical staff in the public sector | Int: 22 (57.9%) Cont: 20 (60.6%) | Int: 46.78 (range = 37–59) Cont: 44.65 (range = 24–58) SD in not listed | Online self-leadership training (self-management strategies and cognitive restructuring) Period: 10 weeks Number and hours of session: 5 modules (2 h), 1 module per 2 weeks Instrument: not listed Provider: an expert facilitator | Positive affect (Job Affect Scale): Hedonic | Positive affect: + |
| Sanders et al., 2011 | Australia | Employees in various organization (having a child aged between 1 and 16 years) | The majority of parents participating in the study were mothers (72.4%) | Not listed | Workplace Triple P: training of work-family balance coping skills (e.g., cognitive reconstruction), and positive parenting skills, group sessions and telephone consultations Period: 8 weeks Number and hours of session: 4 times group session (2 h), and 4 individual telephone consultations (15 to 30 min) Instrument: workbook Provider: trained practitioner | Job satisfaction (Work and Life Attitude Scale): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: + |
| Psychology (CB based approach: behavioral approach) | |||||||
| Vuori et al., 2012 | Finland | Employees in human resources development departments and occupational health services | Int: 50 (13.6%) Cont: 36 (10.3%) | Int: 50.47 (6.49) Cont: 49.67 (6.44) | The enhancement of career management skills (e.g., communication and assertion), group session Period: 3–7 days Number and hours of session: 5 sessions (4 h), or over 3 full days Instrument: not listed Provider: trainer | Work engagement (UWES-9): Hedonic | Work engagement: 0 |
| Barbosa et al., 2015 | Portugal | Workers in aged care facilities | All participants were women | Int: 43.37 (10.00) Cont: 45.90 (8.04) | Person centered care (PCC) based psycho-educational (PE) intervention (e.g., time management and problem-solving), group session Period: 8 weeks Number and hours of session: 8 weekly sessions (90 min) Instrument: hand-outs Provider: psychotherapist | Job satisfaction (the short-form Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: 0 |
| Psychology (others) | |||||||
| Waite and Richardson, 2004 | United States | Managers and employees in large government organization | Int: 12 (16.4%) Cont: 12 (15.6%) | Percent per age groups; age 18–33, 59.3%; age 34–49, 28.0%; over 50; 12.0% | Resiliency training program, group session Period: 5 weeks Number and hours of session: 5 weekly sessions (7 h), and follow-up review session for managers were provided every other week (1–2 h) over 6 weeks Instrument: not listed Provider: trainer | Purpose in life (the Purpose in Life Test): Eudemonic Job satisfaction (the SURVEY2000 IRS/NTEU Employee Satisfaction instrument): Evaluative | Purpose in life: + Job Satisfaction: + |
| Fillion et al., 2009 | Canada | Palliative care nurses | Int: 1.8% Cont: 0% Number of men is not listed | Int: 44.96 (9.61) Cont: 43.13 (11.56) | Meaning centered training; covering five principal themes of Viktor Frankl's logotherapy, group session Period: 4 weeks Number and hours of session: 4 weekly sessions Instrument: facilitator manual book Provider: facilitator licensed psychologist and received training | Job satisfaction (General Satisfaction subscale of the Job Diagnostic Survey): Evaluative The spiritual quality of life (the Spirituality subscale of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy): Mental component of QOL The emotional quality of life [the Vigor/Activity subscale of the Shortened Profile of Mood States (POMS-37)]: Hedonic | Job satisfaction: 0 The spiritual quality of life: 0 The emotional quality of life: 0 |
| Morgan and Harris, 2015 | England | Workers in a medium-sized, further education college (during a period of organizational downsizing) | 22 (33.3%) | 45.18 (8.33) | The work-related self-affirming implementation intention (WS-AII) Period: not listed (one time session) Number and hours of session: one time Instrument: not listed Provider: not listed | Job satisfaction (the 16-item job satisfaction scale): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: 0 |
| Muller et al., 2016 | Germany | Nurses in community hospital | Int: 5.6% Cont: 5.9% Number of men is not listed | Int: 44.67 (9.34) Cont: 42.74 (9.91) | Selection, Optimization, Compensation (SOC) training; training of coping with job demand or job resource, group session Period: 9 months Number and hours of session: 6 sessions (0.5–8 h, interval: 2–8 weeks) Instrument: manuals, worksheets, and diary Provider: trainer (experienced occupational health professional) | Mental well-being (WHO-5): Hedonic | Mental well-being: + |
| Feicht et al., 2013 | Germany | Employees in local insurance company | Int: 13 (24.1%) Cont: 18 (38.3%) | Int: 37.61 (7.72) Cont: 36.77 (10.42) | Online happiness training (e.g., “How do you feel? Check your state of mind”) Period: 7 weeks Number and hours of session: 7 weekly sessions (10–15 min) Instrument: e-mail Provider: not listed | Happiness and satisfaction (Visual Analog Scale): Hedonic Mental well-being (WHO-5): Hedonic | Happiness and satisfaction: + Mental well-being: + |
| Tuckey and Scott, 2014 | Australia | Fire-fighters after potentially traumatic events (PTE) | All: 61 (91%) | Not listed | Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD), group session Period: one session Number and hours of session: one session (90 min) Instrument: not listed Provider: trained and experienced mental health professionals and peer supporters | Quality of life (Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction questionnaire-short form): Mental component of QOL | Quality of life: 0 |
| Coffeng et al., 2014 | Netherlands | Office employees of a financial service provider | Int: 73 (61.9%) Cont: 65 (61.3%) | Int: 43.6 (10.3) Cont: 40.7 (9.2) | The social environmental intervention consisted of group motivational interviewing (GMI) Period: 6 weeks Number and hours of session: 3 times (90 min) Instrument: not listed Provider: trained team leader | Work engagement (UWES): Hedonic | Work engagement: 0 |
| Environment | |||||||
| Linzer et al., 2015 | New York | Primary care clinician | Int: 39 (46.9 %) Cont: 41 (49.4 %) | Int: 48.3 (8.9) Cont: 46.4 (9.4) | Each clinic chooses a variety of methods to improve work life (e.g., improving communication and workflow) Period: not listed Number and hours of session: not listed Instrument: not listed Provider: not listed | Job satisfaction (Physician job satisfaction scale): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: + |
| Alhassan et al., 2016 | Ghana | Staffs in health facilities accredited by the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA). | Int: 40% Cont: 30% | Int: 38.3 (14.4) Cont: 36.5 (13.4) | Systematic Community Engagement (SCE) Intervention, assessing and improving of health service quality (e.g., staff attitude) Period: about 1 year Number and hours of session: not decided (on a regular basis for one year) Instrument: not listed Provider: trained facilitator | Staff motivation (Staff were asked to rank their motivation levels on 19 workplace motivation proxies): Evaluative | Staff motivation: + |
| Stansfeld et al., 2015 | Not listed | Employees and managers in National Health Service (NHS) Mental Health Trust | Int: 74 (26.2%) Cont: 10 (15.0%) | Aged over 50 Int: 21 (31%) Cont: 112 (40%) | E-learning program for managers based on the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) management standards for work-related stress, face to face session and support by telephone Period: 3 months Number and hours of session: 1–2 modules weekly Instrument: not listed Provider: trained facilitator | Employee well-being (the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale): Hedonic | Employee well-being: 0 |
| Multi component | |||||||
| Roussel et al., 2015 | Not listed | Hospital employees with an increased risk for the development of low back pain | Int: 5 (16.1%) Cont: 7 (18.4%) | Int: 41.4 Cont: 40.4 SD in not listed | A multidisciplinary prevention program for low back pain (LBP): physical activity, ergonomics, and psychological training Period: 3 months Number and hours of session: 10 group sessions (1 h), and 5 individual sessions Instrument: not listed Provider: physiotherapists, dietician, and occupational therapists | Vitality (SF-36): Hedonic Mental health (SF-36): Mental component of QOL | Vitality: 0 Mental health: 0 |
| Sforzo et al., 2012 | New York | Employees in the company's New York City main branch where more than 11,000 were employed | 44 (45.8%) | 34.5 (7.48) | The multipoint educational intervention: physical activity and psychological (stress management) intervention Period: 12 weeks Number and hours of session: several times educational sessions and weekly text messages, and twice cafeteria tours Instrument: web site, the fitness facility, and discount for healthy meal choices in the cafeteria Provider: not listed | Life satisfaction (The five-item Satisfaction with Life Scale): Evaluative Job satisfaction (Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire Job Satisfaction Subscale): Evaluative | Life satisfaction: 0 Job satisfaction: 0 |
| Others | |||||||
| Schrijnemaekers et al., 2003 | Netherlands | Caregivers for elderly persons | Int: 7 (4.6%) Cont: 10 (7.2%) | Int: 35.2 (9.3) Cont: 37.7 (8.6) | Emotion-oriented care training for caregivers (e.g., learning non-verbal communication toward the resident), group session, homework Period: 8 months Number and hours of session: 2 clinical lessons (1 h), 6-day training program, and 3 supervision meetings Instrument: video Provider: the qualified and experienced teacher of a professional training organization | Job satisfaction of the professional caregivers (Maastricht Work Satisfaction Scale for Healthcare): Evaluative | Satisfaction with opportunities for self-actualization: + Satisfaction with head of the ward: + Satisfaction with quality of care: 0 Satisfaction with contact with colleagues: 0 Satisfaction with contact with residents: 0 |
| Backman et al., 2011 | United States | Low-wage workers of apparel manufacturers or food processors | Int: 135 (34.5%) Cont: 46 (33.6%) | Int: 32.6 (8.3) Cont: 33.9 (10.1) | Providing fresh fruit at workplace Period: 12 weeks Number and hours of session: 3 days a week Instrument: fruit delivery Provider: fruit delivery company | Job satisfaction (using 3 items, including workers' satisfaction with their jobs, supervisors/managers, and companies): Evaluative | Job satisfaction: 0 |
| Bittman et al., 2003 | United States | Employees in a non-profit continuing care retirement community | 24 (21.4%) | 45.3 SD in not listed | Recreational music making intervention (e.g., a mind-body wellness exercise, activity using shaker, and playing drum), group session Period: 6 weeks Number and hours of session: 6 sessions (1 h) Instrument: hand drums, sound shapes, auxiliary percussion instruments , and a clavi nova Provider: trained facilitator | Vigor/activity (POMS): Hedonic | Vigor/activity: + |
The characteristics of the studies included in the systematic reviews (N = 39).
+, favorable effect; –, unfavorable effect; 0, no effect; SWB, subjective well-being; Int, intervention; Cont, control.
The authors apologize for these errors and state that they do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.
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Summary
Keywords
subjective well-being, positive mental health, systematic review, intervention, worker, meta-analysis
Citation
Sakuraya A, Imamura K, Watanabe K, Asai Y, Ando E, Eguchi H, Nishida N, Kobayashi Y, Arima H, Iwanaga M, Otsuka Y, Sasaki N, Inoue A, Inoue R, Tsuno K, Hino A, Shimazu A, Tsutsumi A and Kawakami N (2023) Corrigendum: What kind of intervention is effective for improving subjective well-being among workers? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front. Psychol. 14:1236746. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1236746
Received
08 June 2023
Accepted
19 June 2023
Published
03 July 2023
Approved by
Frontiers Editorial Office, Frontiers Media SA, Switzerland
Volume
14 - 2023
Updates
Copyright
© 2023 Sakuraya, Imamura, Watanabe, Asai, Ando, Eguchi, Nishida, Kobayashi, Arima, Iwanaga, Otsuka, Sasaki, Inoue, Inoue, Tsuno, Hino, Shimazu, Tsutsumi and Kawakami.
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*Correspondence: Asuka Sakuraya asuka-tky@umin.ac.jp
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