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REVIEW article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Cancer Endocrinology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1494411
This article is part of the Research Topic Cancer Biology, Immunotherapy and Aging View all 4 articles

The interaction of GPER-1 with the Endocrine Signaling Axis in Breast Cancer

Provisionally accepted
Luis Molina Calistro Luis Molina Calistro 1Yennyfer Arancibia Yennyfer Arancibia 1Marcela Alejandra Olivera Marcela Alejandra Olivera 1Sigrid Domke Sigrid Domke 2Rodrigo Flavio Torres Rodrigo Flavio Torres 1*
  • 1 Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region (RM), Chile
  • 2 Facultad de Ciencias para el cuidado de la salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile., Puerto Montt, Chile

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER-1) is a membrane estrogen receptor that has emerged as a key player in breast cancer development and progression. In addition to its direct influence on estrogen signaling, a crucial interaction between GPER-1 and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis has been evidenced. The novel and complex relationship between GPER-1 and HPG implies a hormonal regulation with important homeostatic effects on general organ development and reproductive tissues, but also on the pathophysiology of cancer, especially breast cancer. Recent research points to a great versatility of GPER-1, interacting with classical estrogen receptors and with signaling pathways related to inflammation. Importantly, through its activation by environmental and synthetic estrogens, GPER-1 is associated with hormone therapy resistance in breast cancer. These findings open new perspectives in the understanding of breast tumor development and raise the possibility of future applications in the design of more personalized and effective therapeutic approaches.

    Keywords: GPER-1, estrogen, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, breast cancer, Endocrine resistance, personalized medicine

    Received: 10 Sep 2024; Accepted: 06 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Molina Calistro, Arancibia, Olivera, Domke and Torres. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Rodrigo Flavio Torres, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region (RM), Chile

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.