Nuclear safety: Waste Remediation, Radiation Protection, and Health Assessment

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About this Research Topic

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Background

Safety is not an aim but a precondition for safeguarding people in all states and the environment today and in the future. The hazards associated with ionizing radiation must be appraised and managed without constraining nuclear energy's contribution to sustainable development.

Radioactivity is a part of nature, and natural sources of radiation are environmental traits. Radiation and radioactive chemicals have a wide range of affirmative uses, including power generation, medicine, industry, and agriculture. The radiation dangers that these applications may pose to employees, the public, and the environment must be evaluated and regulated.

Predisposal waste management encompasses all waste management procedures or activities, from waste creation to acceptance for disposal at a repository or other disposal site, disposal as extremely low-level wastes, or removal of regulatory control. The target of predisposal management of low and intermediate-level radioactive waste is to guarantee that the material is managed in a way that safeguards human health and the environment now and in the future. Besides limiting the effects on future human health, the goal should be to reduce dependency on activities performed by future generations.

The radiation dosage received by inhabitants in the surrounding regions because of treatment, transportation, and storage shall not exceed 1 mSv/y. If a disposal facility is already in place, the waste should be treated and conditioned to fulfill the disposal facility's waste acceptance standards. If no established disposal facility exists, it should avoid irreversible therapies that limit future possibilities unless there are authorized safety and security benefits. A radioactive waste management plan should be established that specifies the method to be followed and demonstrates that activities can be carried out safely and with little environmental effect. The goal of the radioactive waste management plan is to safeguard the population and the environment from ionizing radiation. Radiation protection is concerned with safeguarding employees, members of the public, and patients undergoing diagnostic and treatment against the damaging effects of ionizing radiation. The radiological risks that such applications may pose to employees, the public and the environment must be assessed and regulated. Governments around the world are considering the innovation of sustainable materials used in the treatment and stabilization of radioactive waste or in radiation protection facilities.

Excessive accumulation of untreated and/or unconditioned radioactive waste may create hazards and should be avoided if reasonably possible by proper treatment. Therefore, in this Research Topic, we seek to discuss the following themes, but not limited to;

-Precise control of radioactive material packaging and handling and innovative technological methods to keep the generation of radioactive waste to a practicable minimum.

-Research and development to improve existing methods for managing radioactive waste or to design innovative approaches for waste remediation.

-Collection, characterization, and storage of radioactive waste in proper radiation shielding facilities to be acceptable and safe.

Keywords: innovative techniques for nuclear safety, radioactive waste treatment, processing and conditioning of radioactive waste, disposal of radioactive waste, health surveillance, radioprotectors, health of nuclear fields workers, environmental radiation protection, facilities and radiation shielding, sustainable materials for radiation shielding and radioactive waste stabilization

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