Contribution of Ion Channels to Neuropathologies

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Background

Ion channels present a big and diverse class of proteins that act as gates within the cell membrane, thereby controlling the distribution of ions on the extracellular and intracellular site of the cell. In particular, they allow the movement of charged molecules across the cell membrane leading to membrane potential changes and therefore act as important players in excitable cells, especially in neurons. In fact, ion channel proteins are at the basis of neuronal network activity and a dysregulation of their functions can thus have grievous consequences. Based on the diversity of ion channels and their unique expression pattern in the different cells within the nervous system, malfunctions of these proteins are described to cause a multitude of different neuronal disorders.



Decades of studies have shown the pertinent role of ion channels in stirring and sustaining basic cellular and synaptic processes within the neuronal networks of the PNS and CNS. Despite our current knowledge of ion channel contributions to neuronal mechanisms and their subsequent involvement in the development, manifestation and progression of neuropathologies, more research is necessary to decipher the molecular programs that keep our neuronal networks in tune and the role of ion channels therein. Only a detailed understanding of the physiological and pathological functioning of ion channels in our nervous system can provide us with the necessary knowhow in order to develop novel treatment strategies to combat the many severe neuropathologies that are linked to ion channel malfunctions, with the overarching goal to alleviate patient suffering.



The aim of this Research Topic is to collect original research articles, reviews and commentaries that are addressing the roles of ion channels in the context of neuronal disorders. Important questions and topics that can be addressed include, although not exclusively:

• How do ion channel malfunctions influence cellular properties in the nervous system (e.g. excitability, synaptic activity, dentrite and axon anatomy, connectivity)

• Mechanisms of ion channel disfunction in the nervous system (type of channelopathies)

• Can we target ion channels to treat neuronal disorders

• What are the effects of approved drugs on ion channels in the nervous system

Keywords: Ion channels, neuronal disorders, brain, PNS, CNS, channelopathies

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