Physiology of Myelin Forming Cells, from Myelination to Neural Modulators

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Editorial

22 October 2019

Editorial: Physiology of Myelin Forming Cells, From Myelination to Neural Modulators

Marion Baraban

,

Mauricio A. Retamal

and

Fernando C. Ortiz

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Editors

3

Mauricio Antonio Retamal

University for Development

Fernando C Ortiz

University of Santiago

Marion Baraban

University of Edinburgh

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Over the last decades the idea of myelin as a rigid structure has been challenged by several studies showing that myelin formation, remodeling and repair are highly dynamics. This evidence implies that myelin forming cells -i.e. oligodendrocytes and schwann cells-, or their progenitors, are able to respond to environmental signaling in a non-static manner. Several reports support this implication and even though subcellular mechanisms behind ‘active’ or ‘activity-dependent’ myelination are still elusive, the contribution of myelinating glia to this process is undisputable. Importantly, myelin forming cells have also emerged as key actors in several physiological and pathological processes beyond myelin synthesis. Along with many other functions these cells could play active roles in metabolic axonal support, regeneration, potassium buffering, and in some forms of LTP. Supporting these functions, intercellular interactions across neuron, glia and other non-neuronal cells (i.e. vascular niche) involved synaptic contacts, hemichannels activity, gap junction coupling and signaling mediated by exosomes.

The present Research Topic aims to explore evidence on cellular and subcellular mechanisms underlying (i) myelin formation and repair and (ii) myelin forming cells contribution to neuronal function. New discoveries on this field will have deep consequences not only in the understanding of glia-neuron interaction, but also promoting a brand-new point of view on the myelin forming cells contribution to the nervous system physiology in health and disease.

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Editors

Mauricio Antonio Retamal

University for Development

Fernando C Ortiz

University of Santiago

Marion Baraban

University of Edinburgh

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161,081 Total views

129,178 Article views

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Published In

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Cellular Neuroscience Archive, Non-Neuronal Cells, Cellular Neurophysiology, Cellular Neuropathology

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