Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally, necessitating novel approaches for its diagnosis, treatment, and management. A comprehensive understanding of the tumor microenvironment is crucial for the development of effective therapies. The immune microenvironment, in particular, plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and response to treatment. Traditional sequencing methods have provided significant insights but lack the resolution to study individual cell dynamics. Single-cell sequencing offers an unprecedented opportunity to delve deeper into the cellular heterogeneity and interactions within the immune microenvironment of cancer.

This Research Topic aims to collate a collection of high-quality articles focusing on the application of single-cell sequencing technologies to study the immune microenvironment in various types of cancer. The scope includes but is not limited to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), single-cell ATAC-seq, and multi-omics approaches. The goal is to explore how single-cell sequencing can illuminate the interactions between immune cells and cancer cells, identify novel cell subsets, and shed light on mechanisms of immune evasion or activation within tumors.

We invite the submission of Original Research Articles (Empirical studies employing single-cell sequencing to explore the immune microenvironment in cancer), Review Articles (Comprehensive literature reviews summarizing current knowledge and identifying gaps in the field), Methodology Papers (Articles focusing on the development of new methods or the refinement of existing techniques for single-cell sequencing or data analysis), Case Studies (Reports on the application of single-cell sequencing in individual cases, highlighting its potential for personalized medicine), Commentaries (Opinion pieces discussing the challenges, ethical considerations, and future directions in the application of single-cell sequencing in cancer research). Some topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

- Methodologies in Single-Cell Sequencing: Overview and comparison of various single-cell sequencing technologies and their application in cancer research.

- Immune Cell Profiling: Characterization of immune cell subsets within the tumor microenvironment and their functional states.

- Cancer-Immune Interactions: Exploration of the mechanisms by which cancer cells interact with the immune system, including checkpoints, secreted factors, and cell-cell interactions.

- Clinical Implications: Discussion of how single-cell sequencing data can inform personalized cancer therapies, predict patient outcomes, and guide immunotherapy strategies.

- Computational Analysis: Advanced computational tools and algorithms for the analysis of single- cell sequencing data, including clustering, trajectory analysis, and network inference.

This Research Topic aims to provide a multidisciplinary platform for scientists, clinicians, and computational biologists to share their findings and collectively advance our understanding of the complexities of the immune microenvironment in cancer through the lens of single-cell sequencing.

Manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by robust and relevant validation (clinical cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this topic.

Topic Editor Dr. Quaresmi is currently principal investigator of a profit clinical trial sponsored by Lilly Oncology, in addition to receiving contributions to congress participation by Servier Italy, Eisai Italy and Bristol Meier Squibb.

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Frontiers in Immunology

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