Spatial Transcriptome and Single-Cell Sequencing for Exploring Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroimmunity and Discovering Novel Markers of Neurological Diseases

The field of neuroimmunity is at the forefront of understanding the complex etiology of neurological disorders, which remain challenging to diagnose and treat due to their intricate pathologic mechanisms and the limited progress in developing effective therapies. The brain's diverse cellular composition, including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and lymphocytes, offers a rich tapestry of data for unraveling the nervous system's intricacies and devising targeted treatment strategies. Traditional studies have primarily focused on histology, physiology, and cell population-level sequencing, which fall short in providing insights into individual cell-level transcriptome analysis and the precise identification of pathological and immunological features. Single-cell sequencing has revolutionized this field by enabling gene expression profiling at the individual cell level, allowing for detailed comparisons of cell subpopulations and their transcriptomic variations. However, this technique loses spatial context due to tissue dissociation. Spatial transcriptomics addresses this gap by preserving spatial information, complementing single-cell sequencing, and enhancing our understanding of neuroimmunity's molecular mechanisms. Despite these advancements, there remains a need for further exploration and integration of these technologies to redefine disease classification and identify novel therapeutic targets.

This research topic aims to harness cutting-edge sequencing technologies to delve into innovative research strategies in neuroimmunity and chart future directions in this domain. By applying these novel tools, the research seeks to answer critical questions about the regulatory mechanisms of the neuroimmune system, the spatial distribution of neuroimmune cells, and the development of new therapeutic strategies. The objective is to uncover new molecular markers and mechanisms that can lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for neurological diseases.

To gather further insights into the exploration of neuroimmunity through advanced sequencing technologies, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Neuroimmune regulatory mechanisms: Investigating cell-to-cell interactions, signaling pathways, and cytokine regulation.
- Spatial distribution and disease development: Examining the role of neuroimmune cells in local inflammation and immune response.
- Development of therapeutic strategies: Exploring immunotherapy and pharmacological interventions based on new molecular discoveries.
- Big Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence: Utilizing large-scale datasets and AI to uncover patterns and predict disease trends.
- Clinical Applications and Diagnostic Tools: Translating research into clinical applications and developing new diagnostic and monitoring methods.