Asthma is a prevalent and chronic disorder of the airways that affects millions of people worldwide. The role of the allergen/antigen-dependent immune system in asthma pathogenesis is well established. T2 cytokines and their interplay with other immune pathways are the primary causes of asthma exacerbation and attacks. Patients with allergic asthma exhibit eosinophilic inflammation in the lung, along with increased mediators associated with an adaptive, allergen-dependent Th2 response, and elevated serum IgE levels. Asthma pathogenesis and pathophysiology involve the integration of both innate and adaptive immune systems.The goal of this Research Topic is to explore the immune responses in patients with asthma. Asthma is a complex disorder characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and underlying inflammation. The chronic airway inflammation associated with asthma has a profound impact on the health of a significant portion of the population. Therefore, understanding the underlying immune responses in asthma is essential for the development of effective treatments.One of the major challenges in the management of asthma is the heterogeneity of the disease. The different asthma endotypes are thought to result from various underlying immune mechanisms, and a better understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for the development of personalized therapies. While significant progress has been made in understanding the immunology of type 2-high asthma, there is a need for more investigative work on type 2-low asthma to contribute to the development of therapies based on a well-understood endotype.This collection will focus on the underlying immunological basis of the various asthma endotypes, highlighting articles that imply causality through rigorous experimentation. The results obtained from studies that have unraveled molecular pathways in detail, as well as the results generated in clinical studies that have targeted specific pathways using molecule-specific biologics, will also be discussed.We, therefore, welcome the submission of articles that cover, but are not limited to, the following sub-topics:• Immune responses in allergic diseases.• Immune responses of asthma pathophysiology.• Immunotherapy of allergy and asthma.• Immunopathology of asthma.• Immunopathology of lung remodeling.• Immunoregulatory aspects for control of allergic asthma.• Allergic vaccines.• Immunomodulatory agents. Prof. Panaitescu is on the advisory board for AstraZeneca, Novartis, Sanofi and Abbvie, has received travel support from same, and has been a speaker for these companies in addition to Chiesi, Takeda, Berlin-Chemie, MagnaPharm, Viatris, Innergy, and EwoPharma. The rest of the editorial team declare no conflict of interest.
Asthma is a prevalent and chronic disorder of the airways that affects millions of people worldwide. The role of the allergen/antigen-dependent immune system in asthma pathogenesis is well established. T2 cytokines and their interplay with other immune pathways are the primary causes of asthma exacerbation and attacks. Patients with allergic asthma exhibit eosinophilic inflammation in the lung, along with increased mediators associated with an adaptive, allergen-dependent Th2 response, and elevated serum IgE levels. Asthma pathogenesis and pathophysiology involve the integration of both innate and adaptive immune systems.The goal of this Research Topic is to explore the immune responses in patients with asthma. Asthma is a complex disorder characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and underlying inflammation. The chronic airway inflammation associated with asthma has a profound impact on the health of a significant portion of the population. Therefore, understanding the underlying immune responses in asthma is essential for the development of effective treatments.One of the major challenges in the management of asthma is the heterogeneity of the disease. The different asthma endotypes are thought to result from various underlying immune mechanisms, and a better understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for the development of personalized therapies. While significant progress has been made in understanding the immunology of type 2-high asthma, there is a need for more investigative work on type 2-low asthma to contribute to the development of therapies based on a well-understood endotype.This collection will focus on the underlying immunological basis of the various asthma endotypes, highlighting articles that imply causality through rigorous experimentation. The results obtained from studies that have unraveled molecular pathways in detail, as well as the results generated in clinical studies that have targeted specific pathways using molecule-specific biologics, will also be discussed.We, therefore, welcome the submission of articles that cover, but are not limited to, the following sub-topics:• Immune responses in allergic diseases.• Immune responses of asthma pathophysiology.• Immunotherapy of allergy and asthma.• Immunopathology of asthma.• Immunopathology of lung remodeling.• Immunoregulatory aspects for control of allergic asthma.• Allergic vaccines.• Immunomodulatory agents. Prof. Panaitescu is on the advisory board for AstraZeneca, Novartis, Sanofi and Abbvie, has received travel support from same, and has been a speaker for these companies in addition to Chiesi, Takeda, Berlin-Chemie, MagnaPharm, Viatris, Innergy, and EwoPharma. The rest of the editorial team declare no conflict of interest.