Accumulating evidence reveals both local and peripheral immune systems participated in the pathophysiology changes of acute and chronic neurological diseases. Immune cell activation facilitates inflammatory response in neurological diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The immune response initiated by brain local cells (microglia and astrocytes) and peripheral blood cells (monocytes/macrophages, neutrophil, T cells, B cells), are now commonly thought to contribute “double-edged sword” effects to the progression of neurological diseases, which not only promoting repair and recovery, but also accelerating brain injury. Meanwhile, local and peripheral immune responses have complex crosstalk in the development of post-stroke injury and neurodegeneration disease.
Despite the central nervous system being considered isolated from the peripheral immune system via the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In pathological conditions, periphery immune cells, cytokines and complements release can across the BBB to cause direct neurotoxicity and contribute to microglia and astrocyte activation. Additionally, local immune cell activation can also release cytokines and chemokines to attract neutrophils and initiate local inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, the local and peripheral immune responses have wide connections between various other pathological changes, such as BBB disruption, oxidative stress, and programmed cell death. Multiple signaling pathways are activated after the stimulation of local and periphery immune responses which triggers the alternative functions of non-immune cells such as endothelial cells, neurons, pericytes, and oligodendrocytes.
Nevertheless, concepts about the role of immune response and the crosstalk between peripheral and local immune response in stroke and neurodegeneration remain limited and controversial. A better know the roles of peripheral and local immune response in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases may provide new therapeutic opportunities to explore in conjunction with neuronal rescue and repair strategies.
In this Research Topic, we welcome original research and review articles in all topics associated with the crosstalk between peripheral and local immune response in cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, from underlying molecular and cellular pathophysiology to clinical transformation.
Potential topics include, but are not limited to:
- The peripheral and local immune response in the development of stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- Crosstalk between peripheral and local immune response in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The role of peripheral and local immune response to the BBB function in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The role of peripheral and local immune response in oxidative stress in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The role of peripheral and local immune response to the programmed cell deaths in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The molecular mechanisms involved in the peripheral and local during the development of stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- Translational therapeutic targets of immune modulation in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
Accumulating evidence reveals both local and peripheral immune systems participated in the pathophysiology changes of acute and chronic neurological diseases. Immune cell activation facilitates inflammatory response in neurological diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The immune response initiated by brain local cells (microglia and astrocytes) and peripheral blood cells (monocytes/macrophages, neutrophil, T cells, B cells), are now commonly thought to contribute “double-edged sword” effects to the progression of neurological diseases, which not only promoting repair and recovery, but also accelerating brain injury. Meanwhile, local and peripheral immune responses have complex crosstalk in the development of post-stroke injury and neurodegeneration disease.
Despite the central nervous system being considered isolated from the peripheral immune system via the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In pathological conditions, periphery immune cells, cytokines and complements release can across the BBB to cause direct neurotoxicity and contribute to microglia and astrocyte activation. Additionally, local immune cell activation can also release cytokines and chemokines to attract neutrophils and initiate local inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, the local and peripheral immune responses have wide connections between various other pathological changes, such as BBB disruption, oxidative stress, and programmed cell death. Multiple signaling pathways are activated after the stimulation of local and periphery immune responses which triggers the alternative functions of non-immune cells such as endothelial cells, neurons, pericytes, and oligodendrocytes.
Nevertheless, concepts about the role of immune response and the crosstalk between peripheral and local immune response in stroke and neurodegeneration remain limited and controversial. A better know the roles of peripheral and local immune response in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases may provide new therapeutic opportunities to explore in conjunction with neuronal rescue and repair strategies.
In this Research Topic, we welcome original research and review articles in all topics associated with the crosstalk between peripheral and local immune response in cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, from underlying molecular and cellular pathophysiology to clinical transformation.
Potential topics include, but are not limited to:
- The peripheral and local immune response in the development of stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- Crosstalk between peripheral and local immune response in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The role of peripheral and local immune response to the BBB function in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The role of peripheral and local immune response in oxidative stress in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The role of peripheral and local immune response to the programmed cell deaths in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- The molecular mechanisms involved in the peripheral and local during the development of stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
- Translational therapeutic targets of immune modulation in stroke and neurodegeneration diseases.
