Original Research
02 May 2024
Tongyan Ding
, 6 more and
Limin He
1,614 views
2 citations
Editors
4
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Synergistic antibacterial effects of closantel and its enantiomers in combination with colistin against multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria
Original Research
15 February 2024
Fangfang Liu
, 1 more and
Oscar P. Kuipers
2,083 views
4 citations
Systematic Review
30 November 2023
Bo Peng
, 5 more and
Hao Yin
3,711 views
3 citations
Original Research
09 November 2023
Meijia Zhong
, 3 more and
Desheng Liu
1,825 views
3 citations
Review
15 August 2023
Calisto Moreno Cardenas
and
Serhat S. Çiçek
3,704 views
13 citations
Original Research
14 July 2023
Qinbing Qi
, 3 more and
Chengbo Li
3,116 views
2 citations
Original Research
15 June 2023
Isolation, identification, and antibacterial evaluation of endophytic fungi from Gannan navel orange
Huan Wang
, 7 more and
Haibo Tan
Gannan navel orange is a famous brand in China but the isolation of its endophytic fungi was rarely reported. In this study, a total of 54 strains of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from the pulp, peel, twig, and leaf of Gannan navel orange; they were successfully identified to belong to 17 species of 12 genera. All these strains were fermented using potato-dextrose agar (PDA) medium, and their secondary metabolites were then extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The antibacterial assays of Escherichia coli (E. coli), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) were also performed for the EtOAc extracts of these strains. As a result, the extracts of both Geotrichum sp. (gc-1-127-30) and Diaporthe biconispora (gc-1-128-79) demonstrated significant antibacterial activities against Xcc, and the MIC value for the extract of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides against MRSA was low to 62.5 μg/mL. Moreover, the chemical components of the extracts of Colletotrichum sp., Diaporthe biconispora, and Annulohypoxylon atroroseum were primarily investigated, and they successfully led to the isolation of 24 compounds involving a new botryane sesquiterpene. Among the isolated products, compound 2 showed significant inhibitory activities toward SA, MRSA, E. coli, and Xcc with MIC values of 12.5, 3.1, 125, and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. This study revealed that the endophytic fungi of Gannan navel orange showed high potency to produce secondary metabolites with significant antibacterial effects.
Original Research
12 May 2023
Transcriptomic analyses reveal the potential antibacterial mechanism of citral against Staphylococcus aureus
Zedong Liao
, 6 more and
Fenghui Sun
Background: The emergence of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has posed a challenging clinical problem for treating its infection. The development of novel or new antibacterial agents becomes one of the useful methods to solve this problem, and has received more attention over the past decade. Citral is reported to have antibacterial activity against S. aureus, but its mechanism is yet entirely clear.
Methods: To reveal the antibacterial mechanism of citral against S. aureus, comparative transcriptomic analysis was carried out to analyze the gene expression differences between the citral-treated and untreated groups. The changes of protein, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in S. aureus caused by citral were also examined.
Results: Six hundred and fifty-nine differentially expressed genes were obtained according to the comparative transcriptomic analysis, including 287 up-regulated genes and 372 down-regulated genes. The oxidoreductase activity and fatty acid degradation pathway were enriched in up-regulated genes, and ribosome and S. aureus infection pathway were enriched in down-regulated genes. Meanwhile, physiological trials revealed a decline in ATP and protein levels, but an increase in ROS content within the citral-treated group. Thus, it can be inferred that the antibacterial effects of citral against S. aureus were likely due to its ability to decrease ATP content by down-regulating ATP synthase genes (atpD and atpG), reduce protein content, induce cell membrane and cell wall damages, accumulate ROS, and down-regulate virulence factor genes to reduce pathogenicity.
Conclusion: These findings revealed the antibacterial mechanism of citral was likely a type of multi-target mode that affected multiple molecular processes in S. aureus, which lays the groundwork for further exploitation of citral as a therapeutic candidate against S. aureus infections.
Original Research
17 May 2023
Zhenhui Wang
, 7 more and
Xueqian He
1,610 views
3 citations