Livestock and Poultry Infectious Diseases: Pathogenesis and Immune Mechanisms

Editorial

11 July 2023

Editorial: Livestock and poultry infectious diseases: pathogenesis and immune mechanisms

Jiaqiang Wu

Jiabo Ding

and

Leyi Wang

1,797 views

0 citations

Editors

Jiaqiang Wu

Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Leyi Wang

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Jiabo Ding

Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Impact

Schematic sequence of interventions, including groups of calves orally challenged (black arrow) with C. parvum (5 × 107 oocysts) or inert solution (Sham) that were fed with milk replacer (MR) (C. parvum/MR; n = 7 and Sham/MR; n = 5) or supplemented with colostrum (C) (1 liter in the morning) (C. parvum/C; n = 7 and Sham/C; n = 6) from 2 to 6 days post-challenge (dpc). Feedings with milk replacer or colostrum are indicated by red arrows. Calves were euthanized at 6 dpc.

Original Research

03 May 2023

Host innate immune responses and microbiome profile of neonatal calves challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum and the effect of bovine colostrum supplementation

Lisa Gamsjäger

, 11 more and

Eduardo R. Cobo

5,580 views

15 citations

The full-length I329L recombinant plasmid pCAGGS-EGFP-fI329L was transfected into HEK-293T cells and then incubated with the antiserum (1:500 dilution) of the mouse inoculated with the truncated I329L protein. Red fluorescence showed that the mouse antiserum reacted specifically with the I329L eukaryotic expression protein in 293T cells. (A) 293T cells were only stained with DAPI and showed blue fluorescence; (B) 293T cells were transfected with the pCAGGS-EGFP-fI329L plasmid and showed green fluorescence; (C) The 293T cells transfected with recombinant plasmid were incubated with the positive mouse sera and the goat anti-mouse secondary antibody in order, and observed with red fluorescence; (D) The former three images were merged.

Brief Research Report

07 June 2023

I329L protein-based indirect ELISA for detecting antibodies specific to African swine fever virus

Zhiyong Shen

, 5 more and

Jun Peng

2,488 views

9 citations

(A) The body weights of chickens in each group. (B, C) Average bursa and thymus were calculated as organ weight (g)/BW (g) x 100%. (D, E) The positive rate of CAV viremia and CAV specific antibody of blood samples in the SD15 and SDLY08 groups. (F) CAV specific antibody titers in each group. (G) The number of RBC in each groups. *Indicates significant difference (P< 0.05) based on Duncan’s multiple-range test.

Original Research

22 May 2023

Molecular characterization and pathogenicity study of a highly pathogenic strain of chicken anemia virus that emerged in China

Lichun Fang

, 5 more and

Peng Zhao

3,695 views

4 citations

Original Research

20 March 2023

Contribution of GalU to biofilm formation, motility, antibiotic and serum resistance, and pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium

Lili Guo

, 2 more and

Yongda Zhao

2,359 views

6 citations

Original Research

28 March 2023

A novel recombinant serotype 4 fowl adenovirus expressing fiber-2 protein of duck adenovirus 3

Yiwen Guo

, 12 more and

Jianqiang Ye

2,349 views

3 citations

Original Research

01 March 2023

Erastin inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication in Vero cells

Hongliang Zhang

, 6 more and

Hu Shan

Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an intestinal pathogenic coronavirus, has caused significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. At present, there are several treatment methods, but there is still a lack of clinically effective targeted drugs, new antiviral mechanisms and drugs need to be explored.

Methods: In this study, we established a model of erastin versus ferrostatin-1 treatment of Vero cells, and then detected virus proliferation and gene expression by RT-qPCR through PEDV infection experiments.

Results: We demonstrated for the first time that erastin significantly inhibited the replication of PEDV upon entry into cells; Vero treated with erastin significantly regulated the expression of three genes, NRF2, ACSL4 and GPX4, notably erastin regulated the expression of these three genes negatively correlated with the expression induced by PEDV virus infection.

Conclusions: Since NRF2, ACSL4 and GPX4 are classical Ferroptosis genes, this study speculates that erastin may inhibit the replication of PEDV in Vero cells in part through the regulation of ferroptosis pathway, and erastin may be a potential drug for the treatment of PEDV infection.

4,063 views

11 citations

$(A) SPATEs bind to the hemoglobin. Human hemoglobin was coated onto a 96-well microplate and incubated with the purified proteins. Binding was detected by an indirect ELISA. (B) The assessment of mucin degradation by using a column penetration assay. Quantification of indicated ExPEC strains in fractions eluted from columns filled with gel-forming mucus (1 to 5 fractions: top to bottom of the column). (C) Mucin extracted from porcine respiratory tract was incubated overnight with filtered culture supernatants of indicated ExPEC strains. Mucin degradation was observed by Western blot using an anti-MUC2 antibody. (D) The degradation mediated by VatPU-1 and TshPU-1 to the extracellular domain of O-glycosylated mucin-like protein CD43 on human leukocytes. The PMNs were isolated from human blood and incubated with the purified VatPU-1, TshPU-1, or denatured proteins at 37°C for 30 min. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze these samples using monoclonal antibodies against the extracellular domains of CD43. Flow cytometry data are representative of at least three independent experiments. **P value < 0.05, which is considered statistically significant.$