Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern, especially in pediatrics. AMR is a serious threat to public health worldwide. A modeling simulation by Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators, Resistant bacterial infections alone are associated with nearly 4.95 million deaths per year, with 1.27 million deaths directly attributed to AMR. Children are major consumers of antimicrobial agents and have high rates of AMR. Children's underdeveloped immune systems make them more susceptible to infectious diseases such as pneumonia and meningitis and are treated with antibiotics. Insufficient understanding of the resistance mechanisms of common pediatric pathogens and lack of pediatric-specific data have both contributed to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, making antibiotic resistance in pediatric infections a growing threat to public health. Macrolide- and clindamycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis are serious problems for children in some countries, such as China. The detection rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was also higher in children than in adults. Because children are in a special period of growth and development, their pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics vary widely, making it difficult to determine age-dependent doses. The lack of pediatric-specific data is also an important cause of the irrational use of antimicrobials in children, leading to treatment failure and antibiotic resistance.
This research topic focuses on the antimicrobial of pediatric-related pathogens, including Enterobacteriaceae, ß-Hemolytic streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae equlsimilis, etc), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus, Bordetella pertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A better understanding of the resistance phenotype, transfer, and mechanism of antibiotic-resistant bacteria can fill gaps and expand our knowledge of resistant bacterial epidemiology while uncovering interesting patterns of distribution of strain types. Strategies in the battle against antibiotic-resistant bacteria should be compiled. In addition, a better understanding of the current situation of pediatric antibiotic prescription use can also better guide the current misunderstanding of antibiotic use. Antibiotic prescribing patterns for children including hospitalized children, outpatients, or children admitted to the emergency department and General Practice (GP), the multi-center survey will be better. In addition, the search for natural antibacterial compounds and chemical synthesis of novel antibacterial products will help to influence antibiotic resistant bacteria. Finally, the study of COVID-19 associated antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens circulating in Intensive Care Units can reduce the severity of morbidity and mortality caused by COVID-19.
We welcome authors from around the world to contribute high-quality original research articles, as well as reviews on this research topic, perspective articles focusing on, but not limited to, the following sub-topics:
• Antibiotic resistances and multidrug resistances in pediatric pathogens, including resistance phenotypes and genotypes, antibiotic resistance genetic determinants, antibiotic resistance gene transfer
• Antibiotic resistance epidemiology in children
• PK and PD studies of antibiotics in children
• The rationale for use of antibiotics in children
• Novel antibacterial substances for pediatric use
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern, especially in pediatrics. AMR is a serious threat to public health worldwide. A modeling simulation by Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators, Resistant bacterial infections alone are associated with nearly 4.95 million deaths per year, with 1.27 million deaths directly attributed to AMR. Children are major consumers of antimicrobial agents and have high rates of AMR. Children's underdeveloped immune systems make them more susceptible to infectious diseases such as pneumonia and meningitis and are treated with antibiotics. Insufficient understanding of the resistance mechanisms of common pediatric pathogens and lack of pediatric-specific data have both contributed to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, making antibiotic resistance in pediatric infections a growing threat to public health. Macrolide- and clindamycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis are serious problems for children in some countries, such as China. The detection rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was also higher in children than in adults. Because children are in a special period of growth and development, their pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics vary widely, making it difficult to determine age-dependent doses. The lack of pediatric-specific data is also an important cause of the irrational use of antimicrobials in children, leading to treatment failure and antibiotic resistance.
This research topic focuses on the antimicrobial of pediatric-related pathogens, including Enterobacteriaceae, ß-Hemolytic streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae equlsimilis, etc), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus, Bordetella pertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A better understanding of the resistance phenotype, transfer, and mechanism of antibiotic-resistant bacteria can fill gaps and expand our knowledge of resistant bacterial epidemiology while uncovering interesting patterns of distribution of strain types. Strategies in the battle against antibiotic-resistant bacteria should be compiled. In addition, a better understanding of the current situation of pediatric antibiotic prescription use can also better guide the current misunderstanding of antibiotic use. Antibiotic prescribing patterns for children including hospitalized children, outpatients, or children admitted to the emergency department and General Practice (GP), the multi-center survey will be better. In addition, the search for natural antibacterial compounds and chemical synthesis of novel antibacterial products will help to influence antibiotic resistant bacteria. Finally, the study of COVID-19 associated antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens circulating in Intensive Care Units can reduce the severity of morbidity and mortality caused by COVID-19.
We welcome authors from around the world to contribute high-quality original research articles, as well as reviews on this research topic, perspective articles focusing on, but not limited to, the following sub-topics:
• Antibiotic resistances and multidrug resistances in pediatric pathogens, including resistance phenotypes and genotypes, antibiotic resistance genetic determinants, antibiotic resistance gene transfer
• Antibiotic resistance epidemiology in children
• PK and PD studies of antibiotics in children
• The rationale for use of antibiotics in children
• Novel antibacterial substances for pediatric use
