In the last two decades, there have been important advances in the use of biopharmaceuticals for the treatment and prevention of numerous diseases. A biopharmaceutical is any pharmaceutical product manufactured in, extracted from, or semi synthesized from biological sources. These products are increasingly used as therapeutic and prophylactic agents, as well as for diagnostic means. Biopharmaceuticals may stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. The undesired consequences of an immune reaction to a biopharmaceutical, also known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), range from transient mild clinical manifestations such as fever or general malaise, to severe life-threatening conditions, including severe hypersensitivity-type reactions, and autoimmune reactions. Many factors may influence the IRAEs of a biopharmaceutical and they can be considered to be patient or product related. Patient related factors that might predispose to IRAEs include genetic background, age, gender, immune status, diet, and underlying diseases. Product-related factors also influence the likelihood of an immune response, such as route of administration, doses, dosing interval, duration of treatment, manufacturing process, formulation, and stability.
While biopharmaceuticals have improved patient outcomes, it has also resulted in the rise of IRAEs. The reports of these manifestations of toxicity causes great concern both for the medical sector and for patients and their families. The adverse events caused by current vaccines against Covid-19, although rare, have had a high impact on society, and are a clear example of this issue. Therefore, the study of the mechanisms of IRAEs, the early diagnosis, and its treatment or prevention is of great relevance.
This Research Topic is dedicated to IRAEs induced by biopharmaceuticals. Contributions (original research, short communications, review articles, case studies or methodologies) focusing on mechanisms of immunotoxicity, preclinical and clinical studies, computational and in vitro analysis, and diagnosis and therapy will be welcomed. The intended indications of biopharmaceuticals may include in vivo diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic uses. Major kinds of biopharmaceuticals include: Antibodies, Aptamers, Antisense oligonucleotides, Carbohydrates, Cell-based therapy, Checkpoint inhibitors, Cytokines, DNA delivery systems, Glycans, Growth factors, Hormones, Immunological adjuvants, Macromolecules, Nucleic Acids, Peptides, Peptidomimetics, Phages, Polysaccharides, Proteins, Ribonucleoproteins, RNA, Vaccines, Viral vectors, Whole blood and Blood components
In the last two decades, there have been important advances in the use of biopharmaceuticals for the treatment and prevention of numerous diseases. A biopharmaceutical is any pharmaceutical product manufactured in, extracted from, or semi synthesized from biological sources. These products are increasingly used as therapeutic and prophylactic agents, as well as for diagnostic means. Biopharmaceuticals may stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. The undesired consequences of an immune reaction to a biopharmaceutical, also known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), range from transient mild clinical manifestations such as fever or general malaise, to severe life-threatening conditions, including severe hypersensitivity-type reactions, and autoimmune reactions. Many factors may influence the IRAEs of a biopharmaceutical and they can be considered to be patient or product related. Patient related factors that might predispose to IRAEs include genetic background, age, gender, immune status, diet, and underlying diseases. Product-related factors also influence the likelihood of an immune response, such as route of administration, doses, dosing interval, duration of treatment, manufacturing process, formulation, and stability.
While biopharmaceuticals have improved patient outcomes, it has also resulted in the rise of IRAEs. The reports of these manifestations of toxicity causes great concern both for the medical sector and for patients and their families. The adverse events caused by current vaccines against Covid-19, although rare, have had a high impact on society, and are a clear example of this issue. Therefore, the study of the mechanisms of IRAEs, the early diagnosis, and its treatment or prevention is of great relevance.
This Research Topic is dedicated to IRAEs induced by biopharmaceuticals. Contributions (original research, short communications, review articles, case studies or methodologies) focusing on mechanisms of immunotoxicity, preclinical and clinical studies, computational and in vitro analysis, and diagnosis and therapy will be welcomed. The intended indications of biopharmaceuticals may include in vivo diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic uses. Major kinds of biopharmaceuticals include: Antibodies, Aptamers, Antisense oligonucleotides, Carbohydrates, Cell-based therapy, Checkpoint inhibitors, Cytokines, DNA delivery systems, Glycans, Growth factors, Hormones, Immunological adjuvants, Macromolecules, Nucleic Acids, Peptides, Peptidomimetics, Phages, Polysaccharides, Proteins, Ribonucleoproteins, RNA, Vaccines, Viral vectors, Whole blood and Blood components
