Advances in Bioactive Compounds from Natural Spices: Health Benefits, Delivery Systems and Mechanisms

Editors

Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Impact

Akt inhibitor IV hindered the restoration of p-eNOS/eNOS and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions by PCA in IL-1β-treated endothelial cells. Summarized protein quantification of (A) p-Akt/Akt and (B) p-eNOS/eNOS relative to GAPDH with and without IL-1β (0.5 ng/mL), PCA (100 nM) and Akt inhibitor IV (1 μM) incubation with representative immunoblots (D); n = 5. Summarized quantification of mRNA levels of MCP1 (C), VCAM1 (D), ICAM1 (E), iNOS (F) relative to 36B4 in mBMECs with and without IL-1β (0.5 ng/mL), PCA (100 nM) and Akt inhibitor IV (1 μM) incubation; n = 5 – 6. P-eNOS, eNOS, 140 kDa; p-Akt, Akt, 60 kDa; GAPDH, 37 kDa. Data are presented in means ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. PCA, protocatechuic acid.

Original Research

21 March 2023

Physiological concentration of protocatechuic acid directly protects vascular endothelial function against inflammation in diabetes through Akt/eNOS pathway

Chui Yiu Bamboo Chook

, 6 more and

Zhen-Yu Chen

3,142 views

10 citations

The five methylated sugar residues of WSGP by Using GC–MS. 1,3,4,5-Me4-Manf (A), 1,3,4,5-Me4-Glcf (B), 2,3,4,6-Me4-Glcp (C), 3,4,5-Me3-Manf (D), and 3,4,5-Me3-Glcf (E). The data were expressed as means ± SD from three independent experiments.

Original Research

09 January 2023

Anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of bioactive small molecule garlic polysaccharide

Xin Shao

, 7 more and

Chunbo Chen

2,982 views

11 citations

Chemical structures of major phytochemical compounds in NS.

Review

10 November 2022

Potential health benefits of Nigella sativa on diabetes mellitus and its complications: A review from laboratory studies to clinical trials

Siti Hajar Adam

, 4 more and

Mohd Helmy Mokhtar

6,366 views

7 citations

Original Research

08 November 2022

Eugenol improves high-fat diet/streptomycin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice muscle dysfunction by alleviating inflammation and increasing muscle glucose uptake

Yuge Jiang

, 3 more and

Guowei Le

Eugenol has been used in dietary interventions for metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. However, the protective effect of eugenol on muscle function in diabetes is unclear. In this study, a high-fat diet (HFD) with a streptozocin (STZ) injection induced type II diabetes mellitus in a mouse model. Oral eugenol lowered blood glucose and insulin resistance of HFD/STZ-treated mice. Eugenol reduced HFD/STZ-induced muscle inflammation and prevented muscle weakness and atrophy. Eugenol administration significantly increased GLUT4 translocation and AMPK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, thereby enhancing glucose uptake. By silencing the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1 (TRPV1) gene in C2C12 myotube cells, eugenol was found to increase intracellular Ca²⁺ levels through TRPV1, which then activated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-2 (CaMKK2) and affected AMPK protein phosphorylation. In conclusion, eugenol is a potential nutraceutical for preventing high-glucose-induced muscle impairments, which could be explained by its mediating effects on glucose absorption and inflammatory responses in the muscle.

5,791 views

18 citations

Original Research

24 October 2022

Essential oils of Zingiber officinale: Chemical composition, in vivo alleviation effects on TPA induced ear swelling in mice and in vitro bioactivities

Silu Zhang

, 7 more and

Tiantian Zhao

Zingiber officinale (ZO) is a traditional food condiment. The essential oils of Z. officinale (ZOEOs) are known to have multiple bioactivities. In this study, gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method was used to identify active ingredient present in ZOEOs. A total of 41 compounds were identified in ZOEOs. Major components in ZOEOs were zingiberene (19.71%), (+)-β-cedrene (12.85%), farnesene (12.17%), α-curcumene (10.18%) and β-elemene (3.54%). Experimental results of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induced ear swelling validation mice model showed that ZOEOs treatment has better anti-inflammatory effect compared with ibuprofen (positive control) at high concentrations. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed that ZOEOs significantly decreased COX-2, IL-6 and NF-κB expression in a dose dependent manner. The mRNA levels of COX-2 and NF-κB were also down regulated by the application of ZOEOs. This indicated that ZOEOs exhibited positive effects in ear skin protection. Antibacterial experimental results showed that EOZOs had anti-bacterial effects on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. DPPH radical scavenging, A549 cell line and LNCaP cell line inhibition results indicated that ZOEOs exhibited potential antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. The findings of these study provide scientific basis on therapeutic use of ZO in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

8,956 views

8 citations