There have been many advances in the field of precision medicine, including the identification of targeted therapeutics approaches and strategies to improve treatment option for patients in the field of oncology. Genitourinary malignancies including prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma remain a significant challenge as some of the most common leading cancer-causing deaths globally. Although there has been a significant development in treatment including surgical, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patients with genitourinary malignancies typically have a low survival rate and poor prognosis. Therefore, there have been studies focusing on identifying novel therapies and treatment.
Many studies have focused on the molecular biology of cancers to further understand how to disrupt cancer cellular mechanisms. This includes targeting tumors with defects in DNA damage repair genes by inhibiting poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) enzymes. PARP enzymes play a key role in the process of repairing disrupted single-strand (ss) and double-strand (ds) DNA. PARP-1 has been identified as a transcription modulator and has been found to regulate oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and inflammatory genes which are involved in gene transcription. Studies have demonstrated PARP inhibitors utilised in the treatment of other cancers including ovarian and breast cancers focusing on BRCA mutations. The utilization of PARP inhibitors remains a very interesting discovery for genitourinary malignancies as these are currently being widely explored. In prostate cancer which is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide, there are various common mutations noted in the genes including ATM, CHEK2, BRCA1, RAD51D, FANCA, CDK12, and PALB2 which have been found to be more common in metastatic cancer compared to localized prostate cancer. There are currently clinical trials which are exploring the role of PARP inhibitors in metastatic prostate cancer leading to new potential therapeutic targets.
This Research Topic aims to generate a discussion of how PARP inhibitors impact genitourinary malignancies and how it could influence the treatment for patients influencing the survival rate and prognosis. We welcome Original Research, Review Articles, Systematic Reviews and Mini-Reviews.
Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.
There have been many advances in the field of precision medicine, including the identification of targeted therapeutics approaches and strategies to improve treatment option for patients in the field of oncology. Genitourinary malignancies including prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma remain a significant challenge as some of the most common leading cancer-causing deaths globally. Although there has been a significant development in treatment including surgical, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patients with genitourinary malignancies typically have a low survival rate and poor prognosis. Therefore, there have been studies focusing on identifying novel therapies and treatment.
Many studies have focused on the molecular biology of cancers to further understand how to disrupt cancer cellular mechanisms. This includes targeting tumors with defects in DNA damage repair genes by inhibiting poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) enzymes. PARP enzymes play a key role in the process of repairing disrupted single-strand (ss) and double-strand (ds) DNA. PARP-1 has been identified as a transcription modulator and has been found to regulate oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and inflammatory genes which are involved in gene transcription. Studies have demonstrated PARP inhibitors utilised in the treatment of other cancers including ovarian and breast cancers focusing on BRCA mutations. The utilization of PARP inhibitors remains a very interesting discovery for genitourinary malignancies as these are currently being widely explored. In prostate cancer which is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide, there are various common mutations noted in the genes including ATM, CHEK2, BRCA1, RAD51D, FANCA, CDK12, and PALB2 which have been found to be more common in metastatic cancer compared to localized prostate cancer. There are currently clinical trials which are exploring the role of PARP inhibitors in metastatic prostate cancer leading to new potential therapeutic targets.
This Research Topic aims to generate a discussion of how PARP inhibitors impact genitourinary malignancies and how it could influence the treatment for patients influencing the survival rate and prognosis. We welcome Original Research, Review Articles, Systematic Reviews and Mini-Reviews.
Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.