About this Research Topic
Volcanoes change their eruptive regime from effusive to explosive and vice versa. It is important to recognize the parameters that could lead to a forecast that may help to protect life in the vicinity of volcanoes. The changes can occur on time scales from fractions of a second to months to decades or centuries. In large volcanic structures, effusive-explosive volcanism changes can occur from one part of the volcanic edifice to another. At monogenic volcanic fields, volcanoes can behave effusive, explosive or a combination of both, either through a central conduit or from fissures controlled by the prevailing stress field. It is necessary to review the processes that lead to explosive and effusive eruptions of magmas of different compositions. The role of parameters such as magma viscosity, abundance and loss of magmatic volatiles, properties such as the geometry of the conduits, basement conditions, and water underground, among others, should be recognized.
It is necessary to review the processes that lead to explosive and effusive eruptions of magmas of different compositions. These processes can occur in silicic magmas, as well as in magmas of andesitic or basaltic composition (as can be observed in the eruption of Cumbre Vieja, on the island of La Palma, Spain; or the recent eruption in Iceland at Fagradalsfjall volcano). The contribution of magma -in volume and composition- from deep areas can determine the parameters that control the rate of rising magmas, the way in which they crystallize, and degas on their way to the resulting in the temporal and spatial evolution of eruptions in a volcano or volcanic complex. In this Research Topic, all interested specialists are welcome to participate in submitting contributions that will establish the state of the art on this subject. The causes of mood changes at volcanoes will be analyzed, considering the source of magmas from deep areas of more than 10 km in the mantle, the mantle-crust interface, as well as in shallow conditions (less than 10 km).
An attempt should be made to include studies that give a temporal perspective, as well as observational evidence of fractions of a second to years based on geological, petrological, and geochemical observations covering from mafic to silicic compositions. The geophysical perspective (gravimetry, magnetometry, seismological, gas emissions, remote sensing) should help in recognizing the origin for a change of regime in different periods. It is essential to have a spatial perspective involving the migration of volcanism on different time scales, at polygenic and monogenetic volcanoes. All the above will allow us to glimpse the effects that these regime changes have on the environment and their impact as a factor to be added to the effects of climate change. All of this should facilitate the glimpse of the impact on society of these volcanoes' mood swings, particularly when the eruptive activity takes place in or near densely populated areas.
It is necessary to review the processes that lead to explosive and effusive eruptions of magmas of different compositions. These processes can occur in silicic magmas, as well as in magmas of andesitic or basaltic composition (as can be observed in the eruption of Cumbre Vieja, on the island of La Palma, Spain; or the recent eruption in Iceland at Fagradalsfjall volcano). The contribution of magma -in volume and composition- from deep areas can determine the parameters that control the rate of rising magmas, the way in which they crystallize, and degas on their way to the resulting in the temporal and spatial evolution of eruptions in a volcano or volcanic complex. In this Research Topic, all interested specialists are welcome to participate in submitting contributions that will establish the state of the art on this subject. The causes of mood changes at volcanoes will be analyzed, considering the source of magmas from deep areas of more than 10 km in the mantle, the mantle-crust interface, as well as in shallow conditions (less than 10 km).
An attempt should be made to include studies that give a temporal perspective, as well as observational evidence of fractions of a second to years based on geological, petrological, and geochemical observations covering from mafic to silicic compositions. The geophysical perspective (gravimetry, magnetometry, seismological, gas emissions, remote sensing) should help in recognizing the origin for a change of regime in different periods. It is essential to have a spatial perspective involving the migration of volcanism on different time scales, at polygenic and monogenetic volcanoes. All the above will allow us to glimpse the effects that these regime changes have on the environment and their impact as a factor to be added to the effects of climate change. All of this should facilitate the glimpse of the impact on society of these volcanoes' mood swings, particularly when the eruptive activity takes place in or near densely populated areas.
Keywords: Explosive volcanism, effusive volcanism, eruption, volcano seismicity, volcano deformation, volcanic gas emissions
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