365 Days of Progress In Molecular and Cellular Oncology

10.5K

views

23

authors

4

articles

Editors

2

Luisa Lanfrancone

European Institute of Oncology (IEO)

University of New South Wales

Impact

Pre-tRNA is transcribed by RNA Pol III in the nucleus and undergoes 5′-leader, 3′-polyU removal and 3′ CCA addition, based on disparate cleavage sites on pre-tRNA or mature tRNA. tRFs can be divided into different types including 3′U tRFs (tRF-1s), 5′-tRFs, 3′-tRFs, i′-tRFs, 5′-tRNA halves (5′-tRHs) and 3′-tRHs.

Review

20 January 2023

tRNA derived fragments:A novel player in gene regulation and applications in cancer

Shuangshuang Zhang

, 3 more and

Junming Guo

3,564 views

7 citations

In classical pathway, PAMPs and DAMPs are recognized by various stimuli and then activate conformational change of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and NLRP3 recruits ASC and binds to pro-caspase-1 to form NLRP3- ASC-pro-caspase-1 protein complex, which then cleaves pro-caspase-1 into caspase-1. Activated caspase-1 destroys the intramolecular auto-inhibitory structure of GSDMD by cleaving GSDMD, which promotes GSDMD-NT generation and induces pyroptosis. Caspase-1 can also recognize and catalyze pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, leading to maturation of IL-1β, IL-18. In the noncanonical pathway, caspase-4/5/11 are recognized by LPS from Gram-negative bacteria in the cytoplasm, which then lead to pyroptosis by cleaving GSDMD. Inhibiting TAK1 can stimulate the activation of caspase-8, which cleaves GSDMD and causes pyroptosis. An elastase and cathepsin G can also cleave GSDMD and activates pyroptosis. ESCRT-III complex repairs the membrane by removing the GSDMD pore through exocytosis. Caspase-3, caspase-7 and enterovirus 71 3C cleave the GSDMD and generate a nonfunctional N-terminus. Under the action of chemotherapy, radiation and GzmB, caspase-3 was activated and cleaves GSDME to liberate the cytotoxic N-GSDME, inducing pyroptosis. 2-BP can reverse caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. In addition, GSDMB is cleaved by GzmA, while under hypoxia conditions, GSDMC is cleaved by TNFα-activated-caspase-8 and transcriptionally upregulated through pSTAT3 interaction with PD-L1. SpeB directly activates GSDMA and induce pyroptosis. Abbreviations: DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs, pathogen associated molecular patterns; ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein contain a CARD; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; NLRP3, NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3; TAK1, transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1; IL, interleukin; TAK1, transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1. ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; GzmA/B, granzyme A/B; 2-BP, 2-bromopalmitate; SpeB, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B; pSTAT3, phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1.

Review

29 November 2022

Pyroptosis: A new insight of non-small-cell lung cancer treatment

Xi Chen

, 1 more and

Jiabing Wang

3,412 views

5 citations

(A) is KAT5; (B) is SDHD; (C) is GLYATL1; (D) is PDL1; (E) is AR; (F) is TP53. ***Statistically significant (p<0.001).

Original Research

01 November 2022

The involvement of high succinylation modification in the development of prostate cancer

Zhenyang Zhang

, 3 more and

Shishan Deng

3,191 views

15 citations

Original Research

31 October 2022

Plasma exosomal tRNA‐derived fragments as diagnostic biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer

Baibing Zheng

, 8 more and

Li Xie

2,897 views

23 citations

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About

“365 Days of Progress” is part of a wider series of Research Topics across Frontiers in Oncology, hosted by our Specialty Chief Editors, showcasing popular articles from 2021 igniting interest in the field.

This Research Topic aims to highlight the work featured and spark further discussion. The Molecular and Cellular Oncology field is continuously evolving, therefore we are seeking to understand developments and perspectives on articles that have attracted attention throughout the year.

We welcome Opinions, Perspectives, and Mini-Review article types to facilitate this discussion. We also welcome updated original data following the research featured in this collection. Please note only papers that are relevant and add a significant contribution to the discussion articles will be considered.

The chosen manuscripts are :

- Unbiased Phenotype-Based Screen Identifies Therapeutic Agents Selective for Metastatic Prostate Cancer
- The Use of Antihypertensive Drugs as Coadjuvant Therapy in Cancer
- MYCN Function in Neuroblastoma Development
- New Approaches in Oncology for Repositioning Drugs: The Case of PDE5 Inhibitor Sildenafil
- Fibroblast Activation Protein-a as a Target in the Bench-to-Bedside Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors: A Narrative Review
- Targeting MYCN in Pediatric and Adult Cancers
- Endothelial YAP/TAZ Signaling in Angiogenesis and Tumor Vasculature
- From Good to Bad: The Opposing Effects of PTHrP on Tumor Growth, Dormancy, and Metastasis Throughout Cancer Progression
- The Prolactin Inducible Protein Modulates Antitumor Immune Responses and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
- Propranolol Sensitizes Vascular Sarcoma Cells to Doxorubicin by Altering Lysosomal Drug Sequestration and Drug Efflux

Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (clinical cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.

“365 Days of Progress” is part of a wider series of Research Topics across Frontiers in Oncology, hosted by our Specialty Chief Editors, showcasing popular articles from 2021 igniting interest in the field.

This Research Topic aims to highlight the work featured and spark further discussion. The Molecular and Cellular Oncology field is continuously evolving, therefore we are seeking to understand developments and perspectives on articles that have attracted attention throughout the year.

We welcome Opinions, Perspectives, and Mini-Review article types to facilitate this discussion. We also welcome updated original data following the research featured in this collection. Please note only papers that are relevant and add a significant contribution to the discussion articles will be considered.

The chosen manuscripts are :

- Unbiased Phenotype-Based Screen Identifies Therapeutic Agents Selective for Metastatic Prostate Cancer
- The Use of Antihypertensive Drugs as Coadjuvant Therapy in Cancer
- MYCN Function in Neuroblastoma Development
- New Approaches in Oncology for Repositioning Drugs: The Case of PDE5 Inhibitor Sildenafil
- Fibroblast Activation Protein-a as a Target in the Bench-to-Bedside Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors: A Narrative Review
- Targeting MYCN in Pediatric and Adult Cancers
- Endothelial YAP/TAZ Signaling in Angiogenesis and Tumor Vasculature
- From Good to Bad: The Opposing Effects of PTHrP on Tumor Growth, Dormancy, and Metastasis Throughout Cancer Progression
- The Prolactin Inducible Protein Modulates Antitumor Immune Responses and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
- Propranolol Sensitizes Vascular Sarcoma Cells to Doxorubicin by Altering Lysosomal Drug Sequestration and Drug Efflux

Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (clinical cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.

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Editors

Luisa Lanfrancone

European Institute of Oncology (IEO)

University of New South Wales

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Molecular and Cellular Oncology

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