The use of mechanical ventilation is essential to support the respiratory function in critical patients. In this specific instant, the number of patients under mechanical ventilation far exceeds the thousands, worldwide.
Conditions such as Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury or Low-Output Cardiac Syndrome are well-known, although not fully understood, complications of mechanical ventilation. In addition, many other conditions were associated with the use of mechanical ventilation: renal failure, increased intra-abdominal or intracranial pressure, issues related to the need for sedation or immobility necessary to undertake mechanical ventilation.
Understanding the physiology of the side effects of mechanical ventilation is capital to improve patients’ outcomes and to decrease the costs of health-care systems.
In this research topic, we are interested in all papers focused on a better understanding of the complications associated with mechanical ventilation, to describe and discuss new potential clinical conditions related to ventilation or strategies to prevent or treat such complications.
The current research topic collection aims to improve the understanding of the pulmonary and extra-pulmonary side effects of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, in both the intensive care unit and the general wards. The COVID-19 pandemic has widely increased the exposure of healthcare professionals to the usage of invasive and non-invasive ventilation. Despite the valuable experience gained during this period, our clinical practice can be further refined by understanding the clinical implications of the extrapulmonary effects of both invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation. We believe that a cooperative effort among different specialties and across different disciplines would be helpful in achieving this goal. The generation of knowledge about the physiology underlying such conditions, as well as new ideas for their prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, are welcome in this collection. The result will be a set of articles focused on the improvement of outcomes among patients receiving ventilatory support.
Articles covering the following research topics will included:
1. Effect of hypoxemia and increased work of breathing on hemodynamics:
• Describe the effects of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and tachycardia on pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output.
2. Circulatory Impact: Positive Pressure Ventilation and PEEP
• Discuss how during both spontaneous and controlled MV, tidal changes in pleural pressure, transpulmonary pressure and lung volume influence key components of hemodynamics: preload, afterload, heart rate, and myocardial contractility.
• Describe the clinical implications of the relation between “Lung Volume” and “Pulmonary Vascular Resistance”.
3. Description of new diagnostic tools for MV related side effects (plasma or exhaled biomarkers for VILI, use of novel strategies to diagnose and stage the severity of respiratory failure, such as traditional imaging, echo for VILI assessment; pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies to prevent infections associated to mechanical ventilation, etc).
4. Clinical or preclinical studies focused on the physiology underlying specific conditions of side effects (the role of cardiac function in VILI prevention, the role of PEEP in intracranial hypertension, the effects of positive pressure ventilation in the surgical population).
5. Description of the interactions, complications, side effects, mechanical ventilation strategies, etc, among specific subgroups of patients (e.g., COVID, chronic cardiac failure).
The use of mechanical ventilation is essential to support the respiratory function in critical patients. In this specific instant, the number of patients under mechanical ventilation far exceeds the thousands, worldwide.
Conditions such as Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury or Low-Output Cardiac Syndrome are well-known, although not fully understood, complications of mechanical ventilation. In addition, many other conditions were associated with the use of mechanical ventilation: renal failure, increased intra-abdominal or intracranial pressure, issues related to the need for sedation or immobility necessary to undertake mechanical ventilation.
Understanding the physiology of the side effects of mechanical ventilation is capital to improve patients’ outcomes and to decrease the costs of health-care systems.
In this research topic, we are interested in all papers focused on a better understanding of the complications associated with mechanical ventilation, to describe and discuss new potential clinical conditions related to ventilation or strategies to prevent or treat such complications.
The current research topic collection aims to improve the understanding of the pulmonary and extra-pulmonary side effects of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, in both the intensive care unit and the general wards. The COVID-19 pandemic has widely increased the exposure of healthcare professionals to the usage of invasive and non-invasive ventilation. Despite the valuable experience gained during this period, our clinical practice can be further refined by understanding the clinical implications of the extrapulmonary effects of both invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation. We believe that a cooperative effort among different specialties and across different disciplines would be helpful in achieving this goal. The generation of knowledge about the physiology underlying such conditions, as well as new ideas for their prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, are welcome in this collection. The result will be a set of articles focused on the improvement of outcomes among patients receiving ventilatory support.
Articles covering the following research topics will included:
1. Effect of hypoxemia and increased work of breathing on hemodynamics:
• Describe the effects of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and tachycardia on pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output.
2. Circulatory Impact: Positive Pressure Ventilation and PEEP
• Discuss how during both spontaneous and controlled MV, tidal changes in pleural pressure, transpulmonary pressure and lung volume influence key components of hemodynamics: preload, afterload, heart rate, and myocardial contractility.
• Describe the clinical implications of the relation between “Lung Volume” and “Pulmonary Vascular Resistance”.
3. Description of new diagnostic tools for MV related side effects (plasma or exhaled biomarkers for VILI, use of novel strategies to diagnose and stage the severity of respiratory failure, such as traditional imaging, echo for VILI assessment; pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies to prevent infections associated to mechanical ventilation, etc).
4. Clinical or preclinical studies focused on the physiology underlying specific conditions of side effects (the role of cardiac function in VILI prevention, the role of PEEP in intracranial hypertension, the effects of positive pressure ventilation in the surgical population).
5. Description of the interactions, complications, side effects, mechanical ventilation strategies, etc, among specific subgroups of patients (e.g., COVID, chronic cardiac failure).