Since the discovery of toll-like receptors (TLRs), innate immunity mediated by these receptors has been actively studied and applied for many clinical assets, including anti-tumor immunotherapy. Innate immunity activated by TLR signaling subsequently boosts acquired immune reactions, mainly T cell and B cell-mediated immune reactions, which is important for vaccination against pathogens and tumor-specific immunity. There are several TLR agonists, such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin, monophosphoryl lipid A and imiquimod, approved for cancer therapy but are still actively studied in the cancer field. In the cancer microenvironment, immune suppressive cells such as tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and Tregs actively suppress host tumor immunity building “immune cold” circumstances. TLR signaling is known to reverse this environment to “immune hot” phenotypes.
TLR signaling is an attractive target and is still actively studied in both preclinical and clinical settings. On the other hand, chronic inflammatory signaling caused by those receptors may cause normal cell mutagenesis and subsequent tumorigenesis. In addition, because of its strong immune activation ability, TLR agonists sometimes cause strong adverse reactions, that limits their application for cancer immunotherapy. In this Research Topic, we would like to focus on the latest studies targeting TLR signaling for cancer immunotherapy, including new strategies, modality, mechanisms, and clinical application for human cancer patients to overcome those problems listed above.
In this Research Topic, we welcome submissions covering various aspects of “Toll-Like Receptors in Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy”. We welcome the submission of Review, Original Research, Perspective, Clinical Trial and Case Report covering, but not limited to, the following sub-topics:
• Translational study: what we learned from past clinical studies using TLR agonists.
• New strategies/modalities: for overcoming previous problems, especially adverse reactions.
• New mechanisms: new insights for understanding the tumor microenvironment suitable for TLR targeting.
• Mouse vs Human: differences bothering pre-clinical study applications to humans.
Topic editor Dr. Yasuhiro Nagai is employed by Sumitomo Pharma. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic subject.
Since the discovery of toll-like receptors (TLRs), innate immunity mediated by these receptors has been actively studied and applied for many clinical assets, including anti-tumor immunotherapy. Innate immunity activated by TLR signaling subsequently boosts acquired immune reactions, mainly T cell and B cell-mediated immune reactions, which is important for vaccination against pathogens and tumor-specific immunity. There are several TLR agonists, such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin, monophosphoryl lipid A and imiquimod, approved for cancer therapy but are still actively studied in the cancer field. In the cancer microenvironment, immune suppressive cells such as tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and Tregs actively suppress host tumor immunity building “immune cold” circumstances. TLR signaling is known to reverse this environment to “immune hot” phenotypes.
TLR signaling is an attractive target and is still actively studied in both preclinical and clinical settings. On the other hand, chronic inflammatory signaling caused by those receptors may cause normal cell mutagenesis and subsequent tumorigenesis. In addition, because of its strong immune activation ability, TLR agonists sometimes cause strong adverse reactions, that limits their application for cancer immunotherapy. In this Research Topic, we would like to focus on the latest studies targeting TLR signaling for cancer immunotherapy, including new strategies, modality, mechanisms, and clinical application for human cancer patients to overcome those problems listed above.
In this Research Topic, we welcome submissions covering various aspects of “Toll-Like Receptors in Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy”. We welcome the submission of Review, Original Research, Perspective, Clinical Trial and Case Report covering, but not limited to, the following sub-topics:
• Translational study: what we learned from past clinical studies using TLR agonists.
• New strategies/modalities: for overcoming previous problems, especially adverse reactions.
• New mechanisms: new insights for understanding the tumor microenvironment suitable for TLR targeting.
• Mouse vs Human: differences bothering pre-clinical study applications to humans.
Topic editor Dr. Yasuhiro Nagai is employed by Sumitomo Pharma. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic subject.