Anal cancer is a rare disease that includes 3% of gastrointestinal malignancies. Its incidence has been demonstrated to be greater in women compared to men with a rate ratio of 1.5. This is with almost 50% of epithelial anal canal cancers, for example, adenocarcinoma and Paget disease, which occurs in people aged greater than 65 years. Patients who are immunocompromised, men who have sex with men, patients with a history of radiotherapy for cancer in the pelvic or rectal regions, and people with history of human papillomavirus (HPV) are at high risk of developing anal cancer. Interestingly, HPV it has been associated with more than 90% of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) identified as a precursor of the latter carcinoma.
The treatment of anal cancers depends both on the depth of cancer invasion and on the type of different cells involved, with regard to the anatomical region. In fact, even the lymphatic drainage is variable if the origin of the tumor is above or below the dentate line.
Non-surgical therapy as well as radiotherapy or combined chemoradiotherapy are usually the first options. However, in patients with persistent disease or locally recurrent disease a rescue abdominoperineal resection may be necessary.
In some scenarios, such as for the presence of AIN, electrocautery, cryotherapy, laser ablation, infrared coagulation, or local excision should be considered.
This Research Topic aims to generate a discussion on screening, diagnosis and treatment of precancerous lesions and anal cancers, including some rare conditions such as sarcomas, melanomas or lymphoma. We are encouraging experienced colleagues to submit original research articles, case reports, and review articles addressing the following (but not limited to) topics:
• Anal intraepithelial neoplasia
• Anal squamous cell carcinoma
• Human Papillomavirus
• Melanoma
• Lymphoma
• Sarcoma
• HIV
• Screening
• Multidisciplinary Treatment
• Radiochemotherapy
• Surgery
• Palliative Treatment
• Salvage Surgery
Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.
Anal cancer is a rare disease that includes 3% of gastrointestinal malignancies. Its incidence has been demonstrated to be greater in women compared to men with a rate ratio of 1.5. This is with almost 50% of epithelial anal canal cancers, for example, adenocarcinoma and Paget disease, which occurs in people aged greater than 65 years. Patients who are immunocompromised, men who have sex with men, patients with a history of radiotherapy for cancer in the pelvic or rectal regions, and people with history of human papillomavirus (HPV) are at high risk of developing anal cancer. Interestingly, HPV it has been associated with more than 90% of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) identified as a precursor of the latter carcinoma.
The treatment of anal cancers depends both on the depth of cancer invasion and on the type of different cells involved, with regard to the anatomical region. In fact, even the lymphatic drainage is variable if the origin of the tumor is above or below the dentate line.
Non-surgical therapy as well as radiotherapy or combined chemoradiotherapy are usually the first options. However, in patients with persistent disease or locally recurrent disease a rescue abdominoperineal resection may be necessary.
In some scenarios, such as for the presence of AIN, electrocautery, cryotherapy, laser ablation, infrared coagulation, or local excision should be considered.
This Research Topic aims to generate a discussion on screening, diagnosis and treatment of precancerous lesions and anal cancers, including some rare conditions such as sarcomas, melanomas or lymphoma. We are encouraging experienced colleagues to submit original research articles, case reports, and review articles addressing the following (but not limited to) topics:
• Anal intraepithelial neoplasia
• Anal squamous cell carcinoma
• Human Papillomavirus
• Melanoma
• Lymphoma
• Sarcoma
• HIV
• Screening
• Multidisciplinary Treatment
• Radiochemotherapy
• Surgery
• Palliative Treatment
• Salvage Surgery
Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.