Editors
2
Impact
Loading...
Review
06 July 2022

Ticks are blood-feeding ecto-parasites that have a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ticks cause economic losses in the form of reduced blood, meat and dairy products, as well as pathogen transmission. Different acaricides such as organochlorines, organophosphates, formamidines (e.g. amitraz), synthetic pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones, fipronil, and fluazuron are currently used sequentially or simultaneously to control tick infestations. Most acaricide treatments now face increasingly high chances of failure, due to the resistance selection in different tick populations against these drugs. Acaricide resistance in ticks can be developed in different ways, including amino acid substitutions that result in morphological changes in the acaricide target, metabolic detoxification, and reduced acaricide entry through the outer layer of the tick body. The current literature brings a plethora of information regarding the use of different acaricides for tick control, resistance selection, analysis of mutations in target sites, and resistance mitigation. Alternatives such as synergistic use of different acaricides, plant-derived phytochemicals, fungi as biological control agents, and anti-tick vaccines have been recommended to avoid and mitigate acaricide resistance. The purpose of this review was to summarize and discuss different acaricides applied for tick control, their mechanisms of action and resistance selection, genetic polymorphisms in their target molecules, as well as the approaches used for diagnosis and mitigation of acaricide resistance, specifically in Rhipicephalus microplus ticks.

15,157 views
85 citations
Open for submission
Frontiers Logo

Frontiers in Plant Science

MicroRNA Signatures in Plant Genome Stability and Genotoxic Stress
Edited by Anca Macovei, Ignacio Rubio Somoza, Jorge Almiro Pinto Paiva, Susana Araújo, Mattia Donà
29.3K
views
27
authors
6
articles
Recommended Research Topics
Frontiers Logo

Frontiers in Plant Science

MicroRNA Signatures in Plant Genome Stability and Genotoxic Stress
Edited by Anca Macovei, Ignacio Rubio Somoza, Jorge Almiro Pinto Paiva, Susana Araújo, Mattia Donà
29.3K
views
27
authors
6
articles
Frontiers Logo

Frontiers in Plant Science

How Cells Build Plants: Regulatory Mechanisms for Integrated Functioning of Plant Cells and the Whole Plant Body
Edited by Csaba Mathe, Taras P. Pasternak, Peter Nick
49.8K
views
58
authors
9
articles
Frontiers Logo

Frontiers in Plant Science

The Role of Epigenetics in Biotic Stress in Plants
Edited by Khalid Amari, Ana López Sánchez, German Martinez, Stefan Simm
38.8K
views
26
authors
7
articles
Frontiers Logo

Frontiers in Plant Science

lncRNA in Plants: Function, Mechanisms and Applications
Edited by Jun Cui, Diego Lijavetzky, Andrew D. L. Nelson, Jun Sung Seo, Flavia Thiebaut
18.5K
views
32
authors
5
articles
Frontiers Logo

Frontiers in Plant Science

RNA Plasticity: Novel Structures, Shapes, Modifications, and Functions
Edited by Ulhas Kadam, Rupesh Deshmukh, Li Tian
20.2K
views
17
authors
5
articles