Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most significant health threats contributing substantially to the burden of disease. Globally in 2019, more than 10 million people were living with TB, and 1.4 million were killed. WHO reported eight countries that account for two-thirds of total TB cases worldwide, including India, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and South Africa.
TB spreads through respiratory droplets and leads to latent TB infection (LTBI) or TB disease. While the latter is infectious and manifests symptoms, treatment is necessary for both. Isoniazid, rifapentine, and rifampin have long been the first-line drugs for LTBI, preventing its development into TB disease, whose treatment depends overriding on isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. However, the occurrence of drug-resistance TB makes the situation even tougher for the global management of TB. In 2019, it was estimated that five hundred thousand cases turned into rifampin-resistant TB, and 78% of the cases were multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Worse of all, patients subject to extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR TB) are left with fewer treatment options.
The sustainable development goal (SDG) 3.3 constructed a blueprint of infectious disease management, placing a milestone to the end of the TB epidemic by 2030. Nevertheless, with such a high prevalence and the additional challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic, whether the 2030 plan would be kept on track remains inconclusively debated. Rain or shine, endeavor remains needed.
For this Research Topic, we would like to bring together recent advances on control and management of TB. we welcome submissions of Original Research and Review articles on the following themes of TB:
• The epidemiological characteristics of TB in vulnerable territories (e.g., rural area, school)
• Management of TB and its complications
• Economic burden from TB
• Social determinants and other influence factors of TB management, including adherence to medication, patient's delay, optimal intervention strategies, etc.
• Risk factors and management of MDR-TB
• Innovative TB control initiatives, such as Administrative controls, environmental controls, etc.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most significant health threats contributing substantially to the burden of disease. Globally in 2019, more than 10 million people were living with TB, and 1.4 million were killed. WHO reported eight countries that account for two-thirds of total TB cases worldwide, including India, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and South Africa.
TB spreads through respiratory droplets and leads to latent TB infection (LTBI) or TB disease. While the latter is infectious and manifests symptoms, treatment is necessary for both. Isoniazid, rifapentine, and rifampin have long been the first-line drugs for LTBI, preventing its development into TB disease, whose treatment depends overriding on isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. However, the occurrence of drug-resistance TB makes the situation even tougher for the global management of TB. In 2019, it was estimated that five hundred thousand cases turned into rifampin-resistant TB, and 78% of the cases were multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Worse of all, patients subject to extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR TB) are left with fewer treatment options.
The sustainable development goal (SDG) 3.3 constructed a blueprint of infectious disease management, placing a milestone to the end of the TB epidemic by 2030. Nevertheless, with such a high prevalence and the additional challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic, whether the 2030 plan would be kept on track remains inconclusively debated. Rain or shine, endeavor remains needed.
For this Research Topic, we would like to bring together recent advances on control and management of TB. we welcome submissions of Original Research and Review articles on the following themes of TB:
• The epidemiological characteristics of TB in vulnerable territories (e.g., rural area, school)
• Management of TB and its complications
• Economic burden from TB
• Social determinants and other influence factors of TB management, including adherence to medication, patient's delay, optimal intervention strategies, etc.
• Risk factors and management of MDR-TB
• Innovative TB control initiatives, such as Administrative controls, environmental controls, etc.