Human Microbiota: A key player in the etiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

Editorial

05 December 2022

Editorial: Human microbiota: A key player in the etiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

Ganesan Velmurugan

Tharmarajan Ramprasath

and

Gilles Mithieux

1,100 views

1 citations

Editors

Velmurugan Ganesan

KMCH Research Foundation

Tharmarajan Ramprasath

Georgia State University

Gilles Mithieux

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Impact

Comparison of bacterial phyla in NP and their respective EP of normal discs. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were slightly abundant in NP when compared to EP.

Original Research

28 September 2022

Comparative metagenomic analysis of human intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus and cartilaginous end plates

Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan

, 7 more and

Ajoy Prasad Shetty

2,657 views

7 citations

$RWPH and RWPE ameliorate cardiac function and alleviate cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in DCM mice. (A) M-mode echocardiography and corresponding images of each group mice hearts. (B–E) Results of (B) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), (C) left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), (D) left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and (E) left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) in each group mice. (F–H), Results of (F) serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), (G) serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and (H) serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in each group mice. (I) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the left ventricular tissue section in each group mice. (J) Masson trichrome stain of the left ventricular tissue section in each group mice. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001.$

Original Research

14 September 2022

Functional components of Chinese rice wine can ameliorate diabetic cardiomyopathy through the modulation of autophagy, apoptosis, gut microbiota, and metabolites

Jinjin Yang

, 7 more and

Jufang Chi

5,359 views

10 citations

Original Research

15 July 2022

Uric Acid Predicts Recovery of Left Ventricular Function and Adverse Events in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Potential Mechanistic Insight From Network Analyses

Xiqiang Wang

, 13 more and

Jiansong Fang

2,667 views

2 citations

Review

16 March 2022

The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases

Ruxandra Florentina Ionescu

, 2 more and

Dragos Cretoiu

The human microbiota contains microorganisms found on the skin, mucosal surfaces and in other tissues. The major component, the gut microbiota, can be influenced by diet, genetics, and environmental factors. Any change in its composition results in pathophysiological changes that can further influence the evolution of different conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microbiome is a complex ecosystem and can be considered the metagenome of the microbiota. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are speculated to interact with the intestinal microbiota for modulating gene expressions of the host. miRNAs represent a category of small non-coding RNAs, consisting of approximately 22 nucleotides, which can regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, by influencing the degradation of mRNA and modifying protein amounts. miRNAs display a multitude of roles, being able to influence the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Circulating miRNAs are stable against degradation, due to their enclosure into extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review aims to assess the current knowledge of the possible interactions between gut microbiota, miRNAs, and CVDs. As more scientific research is conducted, it can be speculated that personalized patient care in the future may include the management of gut microbiota composition and the targeted treatment against certain expression of miRNAs.

7,735 views

16 citations

The properties of the intestine and the feces changed after thoracic aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. (A) Cecum Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining. (B) Acid mucin relative area of the TAC and sham groups. (C) Fecal water content in the two groups after drying at 60◦C for 12 h. (D) Lactate level in feces. (E) pH of feces (100-mg fecal sample in 500 μl of saline solution). n = 5–11. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.

Original Research

04 July 2022

Role of the Gut Microbiota in Glucose Metabolism During Heart Failure

Pei Bao

, 11 more and

Junbo Ge

4,086 views

4 citations

Effects of metabolites produced by the gut microbiota on atherosclerosis and possible therapies focusing on the gut microbiota to prevent atherosclerosis development and stabilize plaque. A healthy lifestyle usually can cause SCFAs to increase with related bacteria increasing. The SCFAs can protect gut barrier by supporting tight junctions to inhibit translocation of LPS, TMAO, and other damaging metabolites into the circulation. They also can prevent the development of atherosclerosis and stabilize the plaque. The high-fat diet, sedentary lifestyle may cause the plasma concentrations of TMAO and LPS to increase by increasing some kinds of bacterium and intestinal permeability, which can make the plaque more vulnerable.

Review

03 August 2021

Gut Microbiota and Atherosclerosis—Focusing on the Plaque Stability

Xinyi Shen

, 5 more and

Zhongqun Wang

9,662 views

63 citations

Original Research

06 January 2022

Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction (GUMPTION Study)

Ziyin Huang

, 3 more and

Yafeng Zhou

4,419 views

32 citations

Systematic Review

14 May 2021

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Human Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Yang Guo

, 2 more and

Bo Yu

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors to human health and human studies on association between gut microbiota and hypertension or blood pressure have received increased attention. In the present study, we aim to evaluate gut microbiota dysbiosis in human hypertension using a method of systematic review.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched until March 2021 to identify eligible articles. Additional articles were also identified by searching specific authors in this field. Inclusion criteria were observational studies based on stool samples with hypertension group and control group. Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020212219.

Results: A total of 17 studies enrolling 9,085 participants were included. Fifteen of the enrolled studies showed good quality and two studies showed fair quality based on NOS. We found alpha diversity in hypertension decreased significantly and microbial structure can be separated compared with control groups. Gut microbiota of hypertension showed depletion of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producers and over-growth of some Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes members. Up-regulation of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, phosphotransferase system, ABC transporters, etc. and down-regulation of some amino acid metabolism, etc. in hypertension were reported. Fecal SCFAs levels increased and plasma SCFAs levels decreased in hypertension. Stronger microbial interactions in hypertension were seen.

Conclusion: In conclusion, gut microbiota dysbiosis was observed in hypertension, including decreased diversity, altered microbial structure, compositional change of taxa, alterations of microbial function, nutritional and immunological factors, and microbial interactions. Poor absorption and high excretion of SCFAs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. These findings may provide insights into etiology study and new microbial-based therapies of hypertension.

Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO database, identifier CRD42020212219.

6,031 views

39 citations

Open for submission