Lung monitoring in patients with respiratory failure is a key issue in critical care to understand patient respiratory mechanics, optimize controlled mechanical ventilation and to improve patient-ventilator interaction during assisted ventilation. Over the years technology has helped to expand our knowledge on how to optimize ventilator use in the monitoring of respiratory mechanics and to improve patient-ventilator interaction. Lung monitoring of patient inspiratory effort includes mildly invasive techniques such as the oesophageal pressure measurement and the measurement of the diaphragm neural activity with a NAVA catheter, to completely non-invasive monitoring techniques such as surface electromyography (sEMG) or simple bed-side end-expiratory/end-inspiratory occlusion manoeuvres. Furthermore, lung imaging proves static information on the lung volumes and on the distribution of inflammation within the lung. Conversely, lung ultrasound (US) and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) provide a real-time dynamic assessment of ventilation distribution and recruitment/collapse in response to change in ventilator settings in both passively and actively ventilated patients in the ICU.
Lung monitoring is essential in the management of critically ill patients with respiratory failure for both research and clinical purposes. For example, it is important in the understanding og pathophysiology of lung injury, the balance between ventilator assistance and patient effort, and the effects of specific treatments of type of ventilation on lung function and mechanics such in the case of non-invasive real time monitoring of the inspiratory effort or of the distribution of the tidal ventilation. Despite recent evidence on biological and lung imaging differences in ARDS which define specific patterns of injury however, the potential differences in the lung monitoring among groups of critically ill patients with different biological and radiological phenotypes of respiratory failures has yet to be investigated.
This Research Topic aims to provide a comprehensive overview on Lung monitoring in respiratory failure including different perspectives coming from experimental and clinical research, and daily clinical practice in a physiology, pulmonology and critical care management. We welcome Reviews, Original Research, Brief Research Reports, and Opinion article types. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
• Experimental and clinical investigations
• Optimization of mechanical ventilation such as PEEP titration in controlled mechanical ventilation or assisted mechanical ventilation by using Pes measurement or diaphragm electrical activity (EAdi)
• Association of non-invasive lung monitoring techniques of inspiratory and expiratory muscle function during ventilator asynchronies and lung imaging
• Spontaneous breathing optimization in NIV or HFNC and weaning from mechanical ventilation by using Pes, EAdi or non-invasive SEMG
• Studies of the regional distribution of the tidal ventilation by EIT
• Studies of regional ventilation to perfusion match by EIT
• Application of all lung monitoring techniques in lung injury models or ARDS stratified by biological or radiological patterns (i.e. phenoytpes).
Lung monitoring in patients with respiratory failure is a key issue in critical care to understand patient respiratory mechanics, optimize controlled mechanical ventilation and to improve patient-ventilator interaction during assisted ventilation. Over the years technology has helped to expand our knowledge on how to optimize ventilator use in the monitoring of respiratory mechanics and to improve patient-ventilator interaction. Lung monitoring of patient inspiratory effort includes mildly invasive techniques such as the oesophageal pressure measurement and the measurement of the diaphragm neural activity with a NAVA catheter, to completely non-invasive monitoring techniques such as surface electromyography (sEMG) or simple bed-side end-expiratory/end-inspiratory occlusion manoeuvres. Furthermore, lung imaging proves static information on the lung volumes and on the distribution of inflammation within the lung. Conversely, lung ultrasound (US) and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) provide a real-time dynamic assessment of ventilation distribution and recruitment/collapse in response to change in ventilator settings in both passively and actively ventilated patients in the ICU.
Lung monitoring is essential in the management of critically ill patients with respiratory failure for both research and clinical purposes. For example, it is important in the understanding og pathophysiology of lung injury, the balance between ventilator assistance and patient effort, and the effects of specific treatments of type of ventilation on lung function and mechanics such in the case of non-invasive real time monitoring of the inspiratory effort or of the distribution of the tidal ventilation. Despite recent evidence on biological and lung imaging differences in ARDS which define specific patterns of injury however, the potential differences in the lung monitoring among groups of critically ill patients with different biological and radiological phenotypes of respiratory failures has yet to be investigated.
This Research Topic aims to provide a comprehensive overview on Lung monitoring in respiratory failure including different perspectives coming from experimental and clinical research, and daily clinical practice in a physiology, pulmonology and critical care management. We welcome Reviews, Original Research, Brief Research Reports, and Opinion article types. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
• Experimental and clinical investigations
• Optimization of mechanical ventilation such as PEEP titration in controlled mechanical ventilation or assisted mechanical ventilation by using Pes measurement or diaphragm electrical activity (EAdi)
• Association of non-invasive lung monitoring techniques of inspiratory and expiratory muscle function during ventilator asynchronies and lung imaging
• Spontaneous breathing optimization in NIV or HFNC and weaning from mechanical ventilation by using Pes, EAdi or non-invasive SEMG
• Studies of the regional distribution of the tidal ventilation by EIT
• Studies of regional ventilation to perfusion match by EIT
• Application of all lung monitoring techniques in lung injury models or ARDS stratified by biological or radiological patterns (i.e. phenoytpes).
