Advances in Predicting Future Adverse Coronary Events: The role of cardiovascular imaging and coronary physiology indices

Editorial

09 May 2023

Editorial: Advances in predicting future adverse coronary events: the role of cardiovascular imaging and coronary physiology indices

Sara Seitun

Italo Porto

and

Michail I. Papafaklis

467 views

0 citations

Editors

Michail Papafaklis

Alexandra University Hospital

Italo Porto

Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa

Sara Seitun

Radiology Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital IRCCS

Impact

Scatter plots demonstrate a weak inverse correlation of absolute LVGLS (A) and LVGCS (B) values with myocardial mass index. Strain values are revealed on vertical and myocardial mass index on horizontal axes. LVGLS, left ventricle global longitudinal strain; LVGCS, left ventricle global circumferential strain.

Original Research

13 September 2023

The predictive value of cardiac MRI strain parameters in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and a low fibrosis burden: a retrospective cohort study

Alireza Salmanipour

, 6 more and

Sanaz Asadian

1,315 views

0 citations

Absolute number of IVUS procedures performed in PCI-naive patients by year.

Original Research

08 November 2022

Real-world intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use in percutaneous intervention-naïve patients is determined predominantly by operator, patient, and lesion characteristics

Alexander Tindale

and

Vasileios Panoulas

1,804 views

5 citations

Example output of the k-means clustering analysis for two patients identified as having low and high index of coronary microvascular resistance (IMR) (centre panel) and small and large microvascular obstruction (MVO) (right panel), respectively. In the left panel, images (A,E) are photographs of the thrombus samples for each patient; images (B,F) show the results of the K = 11 k-means clustering analysis, with each colour corresponding to a different cluster; images (C,G) are the same as images (B,F) but with all non-thrombus pixels set to zero; and images (D,H) show the results of a second k-means clustering analysis with K = 7, performed only on thrombus pixels.

Original Research

20 September 2022

Machine learning assisted reflectance spectral characterisation of coronary thrombi correlates with microvascular injury in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome

Rafail A. Kotronias

, 9 more and

Giovanni Luigi De Maria

1,726 views

4 citations

Kaplan–Meier survival curves for patient subgroups stratified by peak radial strain (RS), peak circumferential strain (CS), peak longitudinal strain (LS), peak systole radial strain rate (RSRs), peak early diastole radial strain rate (RSRe), peak circumferential strain rate at end-diastole (CSRe), and peak early diastole longitudinal strain rate (LSRe).

Original Research

18 August 2022

Left ventricular strain derived from cardiac magnetic resonance can predict outcomes of pulmonary valve replacement in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot

Baiyan Zhuang

, 6 more and

Shoujun Li

2,228 views

4 citations

$Current and emerging roles of cardiac computed tomography in predicting adverse coronary events. Comprehensive assessment of coronary artery disease with cardiac computed tomography (CCT) includes coronary artery calcium score, anatomic assessment to identify stenosis, plaque volume, and high-risk plaque features, hemodynamic assessment using computational fluid dynamics to compute fractional flow reserve (FFR) and endothelial shear stress (ESS), as well as derivation of perivascular fat attenuation index. Perivascular fat attenuation index figure is owned by: Oxford Academic Cardiovascular CT Core Lab and Lab of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases at NHLBI, published under Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0). Link to license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/.$

Mini Review

15 July 2022

The role of cardiac computed tomography in predicting adverse coronary events

Maria Emfietzoglou

, 4 more and

Polydoros N. Kampaktsis

3,366 views

6 citations

$Coronary flow capacity (CFC) changes in two representative cases. Two representative cases showing distinct CFC changes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In each cine image, blue arrows indicate the culprit lesions in the left anterior descending arteries. Each scatter plot shows CFC map, where each dot representing one vessel is mapped according to the hyperemic coronary flow (hCF, x-axis) and coronary flow reserve (CFR, y-axis). Green lines are the boundaries of CFC categories; the bounded most inner to outer areas are corresponded to severely reduced (S), moderately reduced (Mo), mildly reduced (Mi), and normal CFC (N), respectively. Red dots in the CFC maps represent the cases of each cine image. (A) PCI increased the hCF from 0.51 to 6.7 with a little effect on CFR, leading to the improvement in CFC categories from severely reduced to normal ones. Benefit of PCI would be expected in such cases with greater CFC improvement (i.e., lower risk of target-vessel failure). (B) PCI did not let changes in CFC categories; pre-PCI normal to post-PCI normal CFC. In such cases with no CFC improvement following PCI, the improvement in fractional flow reserve (FFR) might indicate the modification in the epicardial lesions but not the coronary flow restoration, potentially highlighting the limited benefit of PCI.$

Original Research

15 June 2022

Robust Association Between Changes in Coronary Flow Capacity Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Vessel-Oriented Outcomes and the Implication for Clinical Practice

Rikuta Hamaya

, 10 more and

Tsunekazu Kakuta

2,427 views

2 citations

$Hemodynamic parameters and plaque characteristics for subsequent coronary events. This study evaluated the prognostic implications of CCTA-derived HRPCs and hemodynamic parameters in the prediction of subsequent coronary events. Compared with clinical risk factors, HRPCs and hemodynamic parameters showed higher discriminant abilities for subsequent coronary events. HRPCs showed an additive discriminant ability to clinical risk factors, and hemodynamic parameters further increased discriminant ability for subsequent coronary events. Among vessels with negative FFRCT (>0.80), adding HRPCs into clinical risk factors significantly increased discriminant and reclassification abilities for subsequent coronary events but not for vessels with positive FFRCT (≤0.80). These results imply that additional evaluation of CCTA-based anatomic plaque characteristics in hemodynamically insignificant lesions might improve risk stratification in patients with CAD. FFRCT, fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography angiography; HRPCs, high-risk plaque characteristics; MLA, minimum lumen area.$