Early Identification of Affective and Non-Affective Psychoses: from Psychopathology to Biomarkers

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Background

Psychotic disorders - such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression with psychotic features – are a group of mental conditions that may severely impact individuals, their families, and society. The lifetime prevalence of psychotic disorders has been estimated at around 3% in the general population and raises to 7% when considering the broad spectrum of psychotic-like experiences. Affective and non-affective psychoses may present with diverse clinical features, etiologies, severity, duration, prognosis. The onset of these conditions can be generally collocated between the second and the third decade of life, even if premorbid changes may be subjectively reported or clinically detected years before the actual onset of psychopathological symptoms.

Given the individual, societal, and financial burden, research about the early detection of psychotic disorders has been flourishing over the last decades. Indeed, early identification is essential to implement early intervention, which in turn seems to improve the clinical outcomes and lead to a better prognosis over the course of the illness.

Along with the heterogeneity of the psychotic spectrum, multiple investigation lines have recently attempted to identify clinical, biological, genetic, environmental markers to predict whether a person will develop a psychotic disorder or not. The present Research Topic will represent a forum for translational and clinical researchers to enrich the debate and expand the current knowledge about early identification of both affective and non-affective psychoses.

We welcome Original Research articles, Case Reports, Review articles, and Opinion articles addressing the Research Topic.

We encourage the submission of papers about (but not limited to) the following subtopics:

• Phenomenology of prodromal psychoses
• Basic symptoms
• Ultra-high-risk (UHR) paradigm
• Genetic and environmental risk factors for psychoses, and gene-environment interplay
• Genetic syndromes associated with psychotic disorders
• Intermediate phenotypes for psychotic disorders
• Peripheral biomarkers to identify people at risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
• Structural and functional neuroimaging predictors of vulnerability to psychoses
• Development or validation of tools to identify psychosis proneness
• Transdiagnostic identification strategies
• Mental health services for the prevention and early identification of psychotic disorders
• Role of substance use and abuse in the onset of psychotic disorders
• Premorbid personality traits and disorders
• Neurodevelopmental trajectories of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
• Early detection of affective and non-affective psychoses in neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., autism, intellectual disabilities) and other non-psychotic disorders (e.g., obsessive-compulsive disorder)

Keywords: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, psychosis, prevention, genetic, biomarkers, risk factors, neurodevelopment, neuroimaging, psychopathology

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