A Multidisciplinary Look at Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An Emerging Multi-Drug-Resistant Global Opportunistic Pathogen

Editorial

31 August 2017

Editorial: A Multidisciplinary Look at Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An Emerging Multi-Drug-Resistant Global Opportunistic Pathogen

Joanna S. Brooke

Giovanni Di Bonaventura

Gabriele Berg

and

José-Luis Martinez

6,629 views

51 citations

Editors

Joanna S Brooke

DePaul University

Gabriele Berg

Graz University of Technology

Giovanni Di Bonaventura

University of Studies G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara

Jose L Martinez

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Impact

Original Research

30 September 2016

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity during a 10-year Colonization in the Lungs of a Cystic Fibrosis Patient

Arianna Pompilio

, 6 more and

Giovanni Di Bonaventura

5,650 views

57 citations

Review

22 June 2016

Genomic Potential of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Bioremediation with an Assessment of Its Multifaceted Role in Our Environment

Piyali Mukherjee

and

Pranab Roy

13,325 views

68 citations

Conditions for the enzymatic activity of the endolysin P28. The antimicrobial activity was performed at different temperatures for 1 h in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.0 (A), and in buffers with different pH values for 1 h at 30°C (B). The influence of saline concentration on the lytic activity of endolysin was tested with different NaCl concentration to cell suspension for 1 h in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.0 at 30°C (C). Thermostability of endolysin P28 was conducted by incubating endolysin P28 in different temperatures for 30 min, and then the residual activity was calculated as described in the CFU reduction assay (D). Error bars are the means ± standard deviation of three independent assays.

Original Research

24 November 2015

Antibacterial Activity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Endolysin P28 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria

Hongling Dong

, 3 more and

Yu-Ping Huang

5,726 views

33 citations

Original Research

19 October 2015

The inactivation of RNase G reduces the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia susceptibility to quinolones by triggering the heat shock response

Alejandra Bernardini

, 3 more and

Jose L. Martínez

3,625 views

15 citations

Effect of S. maltophilia RR7 on P. aeruginosa RR8 virulence-related gene expression in mixed biofilm. S. maltophilia RR7 and P. aeruginosa RR8 were allowed to grow, as mixed biofilm, in a 24-well microtiter polystyrene plate at 37°C for 24 h (RR8 combi, gray bars). Relative expression of nine selected P. aeruginosa virulence genes (algD, rhlR, lasI, aprA, exoS, vfr, mexC, mexE, toxA) were then measured by RT-PCR. P. aeruginosa grown alone as biofilm was considered as control (RR8, black bars). The results are shown as mean + SD (n = 6). *p < 0.05, paired t-test.

Original Research

16 September 2015

Cooperative pathogenicity in cystic fibrosis: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia modulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence in mixed biofilm

Arianna Pompilio

, 4 more and

Giovanni Di Bonaventura

9,393 views

94 citations

Biofilm formation and production of EPS by S. maltophilia K279a and its Fur mutant. (A) Biofilm formation assessed by microplate colorimetric assay. Biofilms were grown in TSB with or without 200 μM Dip for 48 h in static 96-well polystyrene plates. The biomass of biofilms was quantified by CV staining and expressed relative to the final culture density. (B) Production of EPS. S. maltophilia K279a and F60 were cultured in LB supplemented with 0.1% glucose (LB-glc) in the presence or absence of 200 μM Dip for 48 h at 35°C. Supernatants were mixed with 2 volumes of absolute ethanol and the precipitated EPS were dried overnight at 56°C before determination of dry weights. Results were expressed as the amount of EPS relative to the dry weight of the biomass. Results represent the mean ± standard deviation of one representative experiment. Asterisks indicate significant difference (*p < 0.01).

Original Research

04 September 2015

Iron is a signal for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia biofilm formation, oxidative stress response, OMPs expression, and virulence

Carlos A. García

, 2 more and

Beatriz N. Passerini de Rossi

11,007 views

68 citations

Review

02 September 2015

Update on infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with particular attention to resistance mechanisms and therapeutic options

Ya-Ting Chang

, 2 more and

Po-Ren Hsueh

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a Gram-negative, biofilm-forming bacterium. Although generally regarded as an organism of low virulence, S. maltophilia is an emerging multi-drug resistant opportunistic pathogen in hospital and community settings, especially among immunocompromised hosts. Risk factors associated with S. maltophilia infection include underlying malignancy, cystic fibrosis, corticosteroid or immunosuppressant therapy, the presence of an indwelling central venous catheter and exposure to broad spectrum antibiotics. In this review, we provide a synthesis of information on current global trends in S. maltophilia pathogenicity as well as updated information on the molecular mechanisms contributing to its resistance to an array of antimicrobial agents. The prevalence of S. maltophilia infection in the general population increased from 0.8–1.4% during 1997–2003 to 1.3–1.68% during 2007–2012. The most important molecular mechanisms contributing to its resistance to antibiotics include β-lactamase production, the expression of Qnr genes, and the presence of class 1 integrons and efflux pumps. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) is the antimicrobial drug of choice. Although a few studies have reported increased resistance to TMP/SMX, the majority of studies worldwide show that S. maltophilia continues to be highly susceptible. Drugs with historically good susceptibility results include ceftazidime, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and fluoroquinolones; however, a number of studies show an alarming trend in resistance to those agents. Tetracyclines such as tigecycline, minocycline, and doxycycline are also effective agents and consistently display good activity against S. maltophilia in various geographic regions and across different time periods. Combination therapies, novel agents, and aerosolized forms of antimicrobial drugs are currently being tested for their ability to treat infections caused by this multi-drug resistant organism.

32,146 views

335 citations