A marked increase in the incidence rates of thyroid cancer among adults is observed over the past few decades, resulting in thyroid cancer being the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. Meanwhile, the ever-evolving and accessible diagnostic and therapeutic techniques provide ever increasing amounts of information improving the management of thyroid cancer. In up to 68% of asymptomatic adults, thyroid nodules are found of which approximately 7–15% are malignant. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules is invasive, painful, and prone to sampling errors. Better triaging of thyroid nodules based on non-invasive diagnostic imaging modalities can limit unnecessary biopsies. Quantitative, conventional or artificial intelligence-based diagnostic techniques have shown great advancement in the recent decades and will continue to improve the standard of care for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions.
Several procedures, both invasive and non-invasive, have also developed over the years for the management of thyroid cancer. For differentiated thyroid cancer, systemic therapy with radioactive iodine or with multikinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the current standard. Inhibitors of BRAF and RET are also regularly used for anaplastic and medullary thyroid cancers, respectively. Nevertheless, treatment of thyroid cancer resistant to current systemic therapies remains an important area of exploration, and multimodal or synergistic approaches are on the horizon.
The aim of this Research Topic is to consolidate the recent advances made in these areas of diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of thyroid cancer. The goal is to address the current hurdles encountered in the management of thyroid cancer, both from the diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. This Research Topic will cover all facets of thyroid cancer care from development of better diagnostic abilities, triaging of patients, and advanced therapeutics for thyroid cancer care. Potential topics include, but are not limited to the following:
- Evaluation of thyroid nodules: Ultrasound characteristics of benign and malignant thyroid nodules using the TI-RADS and ATA cancer detection systems.
- Evaluation of thyroid nodules: Challenges of cytopathology.
- Evaluation of thyroid nodules: Use of molecular tests to guide surgical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules.
- New advancements in ultrasound technology: Current applications including elastography and quantitative ultrasound.
- Deep learning-based artificial intelligence technology in thyroid cancer detection.
- Molecular tests to determine prognosis and guide management of thyroid cancer.
- Recent advances in drug design for thyroid cancer therapeutics.
- Small molecule and kinase inhibitors for advanced thyroid cancer management.
- Immunomodulations and Immunotherapy for advanced thyroid carcinoma.
- Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
A marked increase in the incidence rates of thyroid cancer among adults is observed over the past few decades, resulting in thyroid cancer being the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. Meanwhile, the ever-evolving and accessible diagnostic and therapeutic techniques provide ever increasing amounts of information improving the management of thyroid cancer. In up to 68% of asymptomatic adults, thyroid nodules are found of which approximately 7–15% are malignant. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules is invasive, painful, and prone to sampling errors. Better triaging of thyroid nodules based on non-invasive diagnostic imaging modalities can limit unnecessary biopsies. Quantitative, conventional or artificial intelligence-based diagnostic techniques have shown great advancement in the recent decades and will continue to improve the standard of care for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions.
Several procedures, both invasive and non-invasive, have also developed over the years for the management of thyroid cancer. For differentiated thyroid cancer, systemic therapy with radioactive iodine or with multikinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the current standard. Inhibitors of BRAF and RET are also regularly used for anaplastic and medullary thyroid cancers, respectively. Nevertheless, treatment of thyroid cancer resistant to current systemic therapies remains an important area of exploration, and multimodal or synergistic approaches are on the horizon.
The aim of this Research Topic is to consolidate the recent advances made in these areas of diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of thyroid cancer. The goal is to address the current hurdles encountered in the management of thyroid cancer, both from the diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. This Research Topic will cover all facets of thyroid cancer care from development of better diagnostic abilities, triaging of patients, and advanced therapeutics for thyroid cancer care. Potential topics include, but are not limited to the following:
- Evaluation of thyroid nodules: Ultrasound characteristics of benign and malignant thyroid nodules using the TI-RADS and ATA cancer detection systems.
- Evaluation of thyroid nodules: Challenges of cytopathology.
- Evaluation of thyroid nodules: Use of molecular tests to guide surgical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules.
- New advancements in ultrasound technology: Current applications including elastography and quantitative ultrasound.
- Deep learning-based artificial intelligence technology in thyroid cancer detection.
- Molecular tests to determine prognosis and guide management of thyroid cancer.
- Recent advances in drug design for thyroid cancer therapeutics.
- Small molecule and kinase inhibitors for advanced thyroid cancer management.
- Immunomodulations and Immunotherapy for advanced thyroid carcinoma.
- Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
