Regulation of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle

Editorial

04 November 2022

Editorial: Regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle

Zhihao Jia

and

Tizhong Shan

2,705 views

0 citations

Editors

Zhihao Jia

Purdue University

Seung-Hyun Ro

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Tizhong Shan

Zhejiang University

Impact

SREBP, sterol regulatory element-binding protein; FASN, fatty acid synthase; ACCY, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; SCD, stearoyl-CoA desaturase.

Mini Review

08 September 2022

The role of RNA m6A methylation in lipid metabolism

Yuting Wang

, 4 more and

Yu Feng

The m6A methylation is the most numerous modification of mRNA in mammals, coordinated by RNA m6A methyltransferases, RNA m6A demethylases, and RNA m6A binding proteins. They change the RNA m6A methylation level in their specific manner. RNA m6A modification has a significant impact on lipid metabolic regulation. The “writer” METTL3/METTL14 and the “eraser” FTO can promote the accumulation of lipids in various cells by affecting the decomposition and synthesis of lipids. The “reader” YTHDF recognizes m6A methylation sites of RNA and regulates the target genes’ translation. Due to this function that regulates lipid metabolism, RNA m6A methylation plays a pivotal role in metabolic diseases and makes it a great potential target for therapy.

10,128 views

37 citations

Western blot images (top) and quantifications (bottom) of UCHL1 in mouse skeletal muscles or C2C12 myotubes. (A): UCHL1 protein levels in slow oxidative muscle soleus and fast glycolytic muscle EDL (n = 4); (B): Immunofluorescent staining for UCHL1 (red) and type I myosine heavy chain (green) in soleus muscle section. The scale bar = 20 μm). (C): UCHL1 protein levels in soleus from fed or fasted mice (n = 3 per group); (D): UCHL1 protein levels in C2C12 myotubes complete media (CM, containing 10% FBS and 4.5 g/L glucose), incomplete media (ICM, containing 4.5 g/L glucose but no FBS), or the media without FBS and glucose (NG). (n = 4 per group).

Original Research

07 April 2022

UCHL1 Regulates Lipid and Perilipin 2 Level in Skeletal Muscle

Ryan Antony

, 4 more and

Yifan Li

3,413 views

6 citations

Lipoprotein disposal and BAT gene expression in the fasted state. (A) EndoLPLko, mice lacking LPL in brown adipocytes (BATLPLko), and wild type control mice fed a chow diet were housed at 22°C followed by cold exposure (6°C) for 24 h. To analyze TRL uptake, BODIPY-labeled TRL were injected intravenously into animals fasted for 4 h. BAT was harvested for ex vivo confocal fluorescence microscopy 15 min after injection. The figure shows representative images of TRL uptake. Bar indicates 20 µm. (B–F) EndoLPLko and control mice (n = 5–6) were fed a western-type diet for 2 weeks and housed at 30°C (warm) or 6°C (cold) in the second week. 14C-Triolein labeled TRLs were injected intravenously together with tracer amounts of 3H-DOG. Organs were harvested 15 min after injection. (B) Organ uptake of 14C-triolein, and (C) 3H-DOG in EndoLPLko (Cre+) and control (Cre-) mice. Gene expression of (D) thermogenic, (E) lipoprotein and lipid-handling, and (F) glucose-handling genes in BAT of EndoLPLko and Cre-control mice. Values are shown relative to Cre-warm. Results are presented as mean values ±SEM. Statistical significance was determined by two-way ANOVA. Same letter denotes groups that are not significantly different from each other (p ≥ 0.05).

Original Research

29 March 2022

Role of Endothelial Cell Lipoprotein Lipase for Brown Adipose Tissue Lipid and Glucose Handling

Ellen Thiemann

, 10 more and

Markus Heine

4,605 views

4 citations

Schematic diagram showing an association between RBP4 and cardiovascular diseases. (a) Binding to retinol, RBP4 activates an inflammatory response that induces atherosclerosis and decreased vascular compliance, and thus raises blood pressure. (b) RBP4 could also result in high blood pressure by attenuating eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation and then the nitric-oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilatory effect. (c) RBP4 stimulates TLR4 and MyD88 experssion, which significantly promotes the pro-inflammatory response and increases ROS, and then cause cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. (d) RBP4 promotes the formation of foam cells, which upregulates CD36 expression and cholesterol uptake, and atherosclerosis, thereby leading to coronary heart disease. (e) RBP-retinol complex could reduce TTR breakdown and then inhibit the formation of amyloid fibril and avoid cardiac amyloidosis.

Mini Review

02 March 2022

Adipokine Retinol Binding Protein 4 and Cardiovascular Diseases

Yanjing Ji

, 2 more and

Xiaosong Gu

4,938 views

22 citations

Mini Review

17 February 2022

Global Adipose Tissue Remodeling During the First Month of Postnatal Life in Mice

Johanna Bruder

and

Tobias Fromme

3,978 views

15 citations

Linear regressions predicting Citrate Synthase (CS) activity. Data that were not normally distributed were log-transformed to permit the use of parametric statistics. The log transformed values of CS enzyme activity are plotted on the Y axis against the predicted values for each variable on the X axis. (A) VAT (log transformed) as a predictor of CS activity, (B) CRP (log transformed) as a predictor of CS activity, (C) testosterone (ng/dL) as a predictor of CS activity. VAT, visceral adipose tissue; CRP, c-reactive protein; ng/dL, nanograms per deciliter.

Original Research

10 February 2022

Visceral Adiposity, Inflammation, and Testosterone Predict Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Mass and Activity in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Jacob A. Goldsmith

, 5 more and

Ashraf S. Gorgey

3,123 views

6 citations

The cloning of goat LKB1 gene and its alignment analysis among species. (A) The nucleotide sequence and the translated amino acid sequence of goat LKB1 (* Represents the stop codon). (B) Prediction of the biological function of LKB1 amino acid sequence. (C) The amino acid sequence identity was analyzed by NCBI blast for LKB1 protein between goat and other mammalian species retrieved from GenBank. Capra hircus (MW664927), Sus scrofa (XP_020939922.1), Ailuropoda melanoleuca (XP_002923557.1), Felis catus (XP_003981653.1), Homo sapiens (NP_000446.1), Pan troglodytes (XP_024206909.1), Gallus gallus (NP_001039298.1), Mus musculus (NP_035622.1), Bos taurus (XP_024850893.1), Danio rerio (NP_001017839.1), and Drosophila melanogaster (NP_001163606.1). (D) LKB1 amino acid sequence phylogenetic tree was constructed by ClustalX 1.83 and MEGA7.0. LKB1, liver kinase B1.

Original Research

13 October 2021

LKB1 Regulates Goat Intramuscular Adipogenesis Through Focal Adhesion Pathway

Yan Xiong

, 5 more and

Yaqiu Lin

2,752 views

15 citations

Original Research

06 October 2021

Cold Exposure Affects Lipid Metabolism, Fatty Acids Composition and Transcription in Pig Skeletal Muscle

Ziye Xu

, 7 more and

Tizhong Shan

Cold exposure promotes glucose oxidation and modulates the lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, but it is still not fully clear whether cold exposure could affect meat quality and fatty acid metabolism in skeletal muscle of pig in vivo. Here, we kept finishing pigs under cold or room temperature overnight and determined the effects of cold exposure on meat quality, fatty acids composition and transcriptional changes in skeletal muscle of pigs. We found that cold exposure significantly reduced the meat colour_{24 h} and pH_{24 h}, without affecting carcass characteristics and other meat quality traits. Considerable changes were found in the proportions of individual fatty acids and the total content of saturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acid and n3-fatty acids. RNA-seq results showed upregulated fatty acid biosynthesis genes and downregulated mitochondrial beta-oxidation genes. The lipid metabolism in cold-treated longissimus dorsi muscle might be regulated by functions of the lipoprotein particle, the extracellular matrix, and the PPAR signaling pathways. Our study revealed the potential of cold exposure to regulate the lipid metabolism and fatty acid composition in skeletal muscle of farmed animals.

4,273 views

23 citations