Carbapenemases in Gram-negative Bacteria: A Global Health Threat and Therapeutic Challenge

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Mullika Traidej Chomnawang

Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University

National Sun Yat-sen University

University of Mississippi Medical Center

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As declared by the World Health Organization (WHO), antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top ten global public health threats facing humanity in the coming decade. Importantly, there is a growing global concern about the rapid increase of AMR while the development of new antimicrobials is on steady decline. Recently, the WHO has published a list of pathogenic bacteria, for which there is an urgent need of new antimicrobials. Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens on this list are categorized as a critical group in the priority number 1. Although several carbapenem resistance mechanisms have been reported, the production of carbapenemases is one of the most important mechanisms. Carbapenemases confer the broadest antibiotic-resistance spectrum because they can hydrolyse not only carbapenems but also broad-spectrum penicillins, oxymino-cephalosporins, and cephamycins.

The aim of this research topic is to highlight new advances in our understanding of carbapenemase enzymes at the molecular level as well as propose measures to contain carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria. Research approaches focusing on preventing transmission, and developing new treatments are also embraced in this research topic. In addition, techniques and methods for rapid detection and characterization of carbapenemases would be particularly welcome.

Contributors are encouraged to submit original research, reviews and mini-reviews, and other acceptable article types in the following areas:
• Detection and diagnostics of carbapenemases and carbapenemase-producing bacteria
• In-depth antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
• Research and development of new antimicrobials and treatments for carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria

As declared by the World Health Organization (WHO), antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top ten global public health threats facing humanity in the coming decade. Importantly, there is a growing global concern about the rapid increase of AMR while the development of new antimicrobials is on steady decline. Recently, the WHO has published a list of pathogenic bacteria, for which there is an urgent need of new antimicrobials. Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens on this list are categorized as a critical group in the priority number 1. Although several carbapenem resistance mechanisms have been reported, the production of carbapenemases is one of the most important mechanisms. Carbapenemases confer the broadest antibiotic-resistance spectrum because they can hydrolyse not only carbapenems but also broad-spectrum penicillins, oxymino-cephalosporins, and cephamycins.

The aim of this research topic is to highlight new advances in our understanding of carbapenemase enzymes at the molecular level as well as propose measures to contain carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria. Research approaches focusing on preventing transmission, and developing new treatments are also embraced in this research topic. In addition, techniques and methods for rapid detection and characterization of carbapenemases would be particularly welcome.

Contributors are encouraged to submit original research, reviews and mini-reviews, and other acceptable article types in the following areas:
• Detection and diagnostics of carbapenemases and carbapenemase-producing bacteria
• In-depth antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
• Research and development of new antimicrobials and treatments for carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria

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Editors

Mullika Traidej Chomnawang

Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University

National Sun Yat-sen University

University of Mississippi Medical Center

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Frontiers in Microbiology

Antimicrobials, Resistance and Chemotherapy

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