Neural Oscillations in Physiology and Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Editorial

31 August 2022

Editorial: Neural oscillations in physiology and neuropsychiatric disorders

Shozo Tobimatsu

1,480 views

0 citations

Editors

Shozo Tobimatsu

Kyushu University

Atsushi Nambu

National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS)

Impact

Original Research

13 May 2022

Shape and Rule Information Is Reflected in Different Local Field Potential Frequencies and Different Areas of the Primate Lateral Prefrontal Cortex

Kazuhiro Sakamoto

, 1 more and

Hajime Mushiake

3,836 views

5 citations

Original Research

17 February 2022

D1 Receptor Mediated Dopaminergic Neurotransmission Facilitates Remote Memory of Contextual Fear Conditioning

Nae Saito

, 1 more and

Toshikuni Sasaoka

3,571 views

4 citations

Auditory steady-state response peak ITC frequency, averaged across hemisphere and condition, is plotted against age, illustrating significant age dependence in TD and diminished age dependence in ASD. Importantly, while this suggests that for the younger children a canonical 40 Hz driving frequency stimulus may be suboptimal. It also indicates clear heterogeneity/individuality in the peak ASSR frequency at all ages and possibly also points to an atypical maturational trajectory in ASD as a group.

Original Research

15 December 2021

Magnetoencephalography Studies of the Envelope Following Response During Amplitude-Modulated Sweeps: Diminished Phase Synchrony in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Timothy P. L. Roberts

, 4 more and

Carissa Jackel

3,371 views

14 citations

Mean MEP amplitudes after iTBS/β-tACS. MEP amplitudes were processed in the same manner as that described in Figure 3. MEP amplitudes for the sham condition were clearly enhanced after the intervention, whereas those for the peak and trough conditions were not significantly modulated. Consequently, MEP amplitudes for the peak and trough conditions were lower than those for the sham condition. Error bars indicate SEM. *p < 0.05.

Original Research

12 November 2021

After-Effects of Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation Are Differentially and Phase-Dependently Suppressed by α- and β-Frequency Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation

Katsuya Ogata

, 4 more and

Shozo Tobimatsu

4,026 views

3 citations

GAD65 expression in each GABAergic subtype across layers of the cerebral cortex (n = 5 brains). The average intensity of GAD65 immimostaining among six GABAergic subtypes (A). The average intensity of GAD65 immunostaining among the superficial (II–IV), pyramidal (V), and deep (VI) layers (B). The average intensity of GAD65 immunostaining across layers of the cerebral cortex among six GABAergic subtypes (C). Error bars indicate SEM. Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s tests was used to compare the expression level. ∗∗p < 0.01.

Original Research

03 November 2021

Heterogeneous GAD65 Expression in Subtypes of GABAergic Neurons Across Layers of the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus

Yuki Kajita

and

Hajime Mushiake

7,912 views

16 citations

Original Research

22 October 2021

A Long Time Constant May Endorse Sharp Waves and Spikes Over Sharp Transients in Scalp Electroencephalography: A Comparison of After-Slow Among Different Time Constants Concordant With High-Frequency Activity Analysis

Shamima Sultana

, 5 more and

Akio Ikeda

4,498 views

1 citations

Methods

21 June 2021

Prefrontal Theta-Phase Synchronized Brain Stimulation With Real-Time EEG-Triggered TMS

Pedro Caldana Gordon

, 5 more and

Christoph Zrenner

Background: Theta-band neuronal oscillations in the prefrontal cortex are associated with several cognitive functions. Oscillatory phase is an important correlate of excitability and phase synchrony mediates information transfer between neuronal populations oscillating at that frequency. The ability to extract and exploit the prefrontal theta rhythm in real time in humans would facilitate insight into neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive processes involving the prefrontal cortex, and development of brain-state-dependent stimulation for therapeutic applications.

Objectives: We investigate individual source-space beamforming-based estimation of the prefrontal theta oscillation as a method to target specific phases of the ongoing theta oscillations in the human dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) with real-time EEG-triggered transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Different spatial filters for extracting the prefrontal theta oscillation from EEG signals are compared and additional signal quality criteria are assessed to take into account the dynamics of this cortical oscillation.

Methods: Twenty two healthy participants were recruited for anatomical MRI scans and EEG recordings with 18 composing the final analysis. We calculated individual spatial filters based on EEG beamforming in source space. The extracted EEG signal was then used to simulate real-time phase-detection and quantify the accuracy as compared to post-hoc phase estimates. Different spatial filters and triggering parameters were compared. Finally, we validated the feasibility of this approach by actual real-time triggering of TMS pulses at different phases of the prefrontal theta oscillation.

Results: Higher phase-detection accuracy was achieved using individualized source-based spatial filters, as compared to an average or standard Laplacian filter, and also by detecting and avoiding periods of low theta amplitude and periods containing a phase reset. Using optimized parameters, prefrontal theta-phase synchronized TMS of DMPFC was achieved with an accuracy of ±55°.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of triggering TMS pulses during different phases of the ongoing prefrontal theta oscillation in real time. This method is relevant for brain state-dependent stimulation in human studies of cognition. It will also enable new personalized therapeutic repetitive TMS protocols for more effective treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

7,032 views

31 citations

Original Research

12 March 2021

Frequency- and Area-Specific Phase Entrainment of Intrinsic Cortical Oscillations by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Yuka O. Okazaki

, 3 more and

Keiichi Kitajo

Synchronous oscillations are ubiquitous throughout the cortex, but the frequency of oscillations differs from area to area. To elucidate the mechanistic architectures underlying various rhythmic activities, we tested whether spontaneous neural oscillations in different local cortical areas and large-scale networks can be phase-entrained by direct perturbation with distinct frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). While recording the electroencephalogram (EEG), we applied single-pulse TMS (sp-TMS) and rTMS at 5, 11, and 23 Hz over the motor or visual cortex. We assessed local and global modulation of phase dynamics using the phase-locking factor (PLF). sp-TMS to the motor and the visual cortex triggered a transient increase in PLF in distinct frequencies that peaked at 21 and 8 Hz, respectively. rTMS at 23 Hz over the motor cortex and 11 Hz over the visual cortex induced a prominent and progressive increase in PLF that lasted for a few cycles after the termination of rTMS. Moreover, the local increase in PLF propagated to other cortical areas. These results suggest that distinct cortical areas have area-specific oscillatory frequencies, and the manipulation of oscillations in local areas impacts other areas through the large-scale oscillatory network with the corresponding frequency specificity. We speculate that rTMS that is close to area-specific frequencies (natural frequencies) enables direct manipulation of brain dynamics and is thus useful for investigating the causal roles of synchronous neural oscillations. Moreover, this technique could be used to treat clinical symptoms associated with impaired oscillations and synchrony.

5,262 views

14 citations