Childhood Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Progress, Challenges, and Actions Needed

  • 12k

    Total downloads

  • 38k

    Total views and downloads

About this Research Topic

Submission closed

Background

The prevalence of childhood diabetes is increasing globally. Currently, the incidence of children with type 1 diabetes is increasing at a rate of 3% per year, and that of children with type 2 diabetes is also increasing rapidly with the growing global prevalence of obesity. The situation is more disturbing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) which are facing big challenges in disease prevention and control.
Firstly, with the social transformation and lifestyle changes, the prevalence of insulin resistance-related diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome have increased dramatically. However, the reasons for the induction of insulin resistance, subsequent pancreatic islet failure, and eventual diagnosis of diabetes remain unclear. The epidemiological data and clinical characteristics of resistance-related diseases are unclear, and the diagnosis and treatment methods are limited. Further exploration is needed
Secondly, the level of development for different regions differ. LMICs have vast rural areas which means economic backwardness, different social and family priorities, limited medical resources, low primary care capabilities, low level of early recognition, assessment, treatment of and patient transfer service for diseases relevant to insulin resistance and childhood diabetes, and lack of simple and locally actionable assessment, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for children in critical conditions.
Thirdly, the insufficient resource access and insufficient health insurance coverage, including those for drugs, consumables, and blood glucose test strips required for treatment, together with the lack of necessary support from community and schools, etc., has led to commonly visible treatment compliance issues, for example no or insufficient blood glucose testing, and reduced availability of insulin. As such, prognosis is seriously affected.
Fourthly, insufficient public and parental awareness and shortage of medical professionals with expertise in diabetes have resulted in late medical consultation or lack of treatment, in-family management, and lack of professional guidance for the patients. Multiple forms of diabetes education and training for specialist healthcare staff are needed.
Lastly, with the rapid development and expansion of the internet, some LMICs have begun to explore using online platforms and mobile devices for diabetes education, management, and follow-up, and have achieved improved results.
Summarizing and sharing successes and failures will provide guidance to LMICs on further establishing and optimizing their management systems for diabetes and even other chronic diseases. This Research Topic will review the status quo of childhood diabetes in LMICs, including the latest research on clinical features, pathogenesis, treatment strategies, healthcare policies, and diabetes education, with the aim of clarifying future research priorities, promoting approaches and strategies which are suitable for prevention and control of childhood diabetes in LMICs, and increasing the knowledge of childhood diabetes among policy makers and the public.
We welcome original research, reviews, systematic reviews, perspectives, clinical practice guidelines, and case reports on:
- Basic and clinical research on insulin resistance related diseases
- Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in children in LMICs
- Pathogenesis for of type 1 and 2 diabetes in children
- Blood glucose monitoring and prevention of complications in children with diabetes in LMICs
- Strategies adopted in primary care with regard to recognition, assessment, diagnosis, and patient transfer for critical childhood diabetes in LMICs
- The relationship between medical insurance coverage and prevention and control of childhood diabetes in LMICs
- Endeavours on the model and system of education for childhood diabetes (including those for family members, patients, schools, and professional staff) in LMICs
- Application of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence and internet, in prevention and control of childhood diabetes in LMICs

Conflict of Interest
Topic Editor Mitchell Eugene Geffner has a research contract from Novo Nordisk; is an advisory board member for Adrenas, Daiichi Sankyo, Ferring, Neurocrine Biosciences, Novo Nordisk, Nutritional Growth Solutions, Pfizer, QED, and Spruce Biosciences; is a member of data safety monitoring boards for Ascendis, Millendo, and Tolmar and receives royalties from McGraw-Hill and UpToDate.
Daiichi Sankyo, Novo Nordisk and Pfizer make diabetes products.

Keywords: childhood diabetes/pediatric diabetes, blood glucose monitoring, low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), prevention of complications, primary care, medical insurance coverage, artificial intelligence and internet, education, prevention and control

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

Participating Journals

Impact

  • 38kTopic views
  • 24kArticle views
  • 12kArticle downloads
View impact