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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Virtual Real.
Sec. Virtual Reality in Medicine
Volume 6 - 2025 |
doi: 10.3389/frvir.2025.1502679
Test-retest reliability of gaze precision of a novel virtual reality-based medical device
Provisionally accepted- 1 machineMD, Bern, Switzerland
- 2 University of Zurich, Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
In virtual reality (VR) systems that track eye movements using infra-red cameras, the precision of gaze measurement is crucial for reliable detection of eye movement disorders. To assess gaze measurement ability and gaze precision consistency of an HMD VR-based medical device system, neos TM , under optimal conditions, we used a robotized setup that provides the advantage of mimicking human eye movements with minimal movement variability. We assessed neos™'s gaze examination test twice for thirteen simulated conditions with different noise levels, and then assessed gaze precision and gaze consistency for each by computing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurements (SEM) and Bland-Altman analysis. We found excellent test-retest reliability (ICC > 0.99, SEM=0.04) for neos™'s gaze precision, with good agreements between first and second gaze precision measurements observed via Bland-Altman analysis. The high ICC and low SEM of neos™ in all nine cardinal directions of gaze demonstrates its eye tracking reliability and measurement consistency. This is a crucial feature for eye-tracking applications for HMD-based VR devices when used in clinical settings. The use of a robotic eye to objectively validate a VR-based eye tracker can be applicable to other devices. Future research will investigate the longitudinal stability of the measurements in different human populations.
Keywords: EYE MOVEMENT, eye tracking, gaze, gaze precision, virtual reality, HMD, test-retest reliability
Received: 27 Sep 2024; Accepted: 20 Jan 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Coito, Naidu, Lehmann, Hauser, Brügger and Abegg. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Ana Coito, machineMD, Bern, Switzerland
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