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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Anesthesiology and Animal Pain Management
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1543086
Rapid Quantification and PK-PD Modeling of Rocuronium Bromide in Beagles Using Portable Mass Spectrometer
Provisionally accepted- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Monitoring rocuronium bromide (Rocur) concentrations is crucial for assessing muscle relaxation in clinical anesthesia. However, no suitable instruments are currently available. This study explores the application of a portable mass spectrometer (MS) for the rapid detection of Rocur concentrations in whole blood from beagles, aiming to support the development of individualized pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models. Four beagles (1-1.5 years old, 8-12 kg) received a single intravenous dose of Rocur (3 ED₅₀, 0.748 mg/kg). Neuromuscular monitoring was conducted using the train of four (TOF) ratio. Blood samples (0.1 mL) were collected at predetermined intervals and during recovery, with TOF ratios recorded at corresponding time points. Rocur concentrations in whole blood (Cb-Rocur) were quantified using both the Cell portable MS and high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for consistency assessment. Additionally, a PK-PD model was developed based on Cb-Rocur measurements obtained from the Cell portable MS. A strong linear relationship was observed for Cell portable MS measurements within the range of 50-10000 ng/mL (y = 1108.32 * x + 14873.99, R² = 0.993), with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 50 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 ng/mL. A strong linear correlation was found between the two techniques (y = 1.07 * x + 30.08, P < 0.0001, R² = 0.8948), with a relative standard deviation <15% for all concentrations. The Cmax values were 4.52 ± 1.16 μg/mL (Cell portable MS) and 4.89 ± 0.52 μg/mL (HPLC-MS), respectively. As Cb-Rocur decreased, the TOF ratio gradually recovered, with an IC50 of 0.25 ± 0.05 μg/mL. This study successfully applied the Cell portable MS for rapid quantitative Rocur analysis in whole blood, demonstrating high consistency with HPLC-MS. The findings also revealed the good correlation between the PK-PD properties of Rocur and TOF effects.
Keywords: rapid analysis, Rocuronium bromide, mass spectrometer, HPLC-MS, BEAGLE
Received: 10 Dec 2024; Accepted: 18 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Chang, Liu, Gong and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
WenSheng Zhang, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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